International Logistics & Supply Chain Management

December 2023 Examination

 

 

 

 

Q1. An Indian tea estate based in Assam auctions its tea leaves to beverage companies who process the tea leaves into their brands of tea powder & instant tea premixes for sale in different consumer markets. The management of the tea estate has decided to embark on forward integration of tea processing and launching their own brand of tea powder & instant tea premixes to be sold pan India. It is confident of seeing stable, strong demand for its new brand of tea after the initial introductory phase during which the demand could be low and require promoting & pushing the product in the market. How can the tea estate go about its supply chain planning, and suggest appropriate supply chain strategy / strategies for its forward integration project.  (10 marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction

The tea industry in India, particularly the estates in Assam, has a storied history of cultivating leaves that are both aromatic and sought-after globally. Historically, these estates have acted as mere suppliers, auctioning their precious leaves to beverage companies who process and market them under various brand names. However, the evolution in market dynamics and the rising tide of direct-to-consumer trends have now prompted these estates to rethink their strategies. The decision by the tea estate in Assam to embrace forward integration, moving beyond cultivation to processing and brand creation, exemplifies this transformative shift. This strategy would not only enhance their profit margins by capturing the value addition but

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Q2. An Indian chemical company is planning to expand its markets by exporting its products to the European market. What are the various factors it must consider in planning the logistics for the exports, and suggest the appropriate choice of logistics strategy (in-house / outsourcing, etc.) for the same.  (10 marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction

Expanding into international markets is a significant milestone for any company, especially when considering the complexities of logistics in the European market. For an Indian chemical company seeking to export its products to Europe, it’s crucial to understand that successful logistics planning can be a decisive factor in achieving market penetration and maintaining competitiveness. The European market, known for its stringent regulations, diverse geography, and varied customer demands, requires meticulous attention to detail in logistics planning.

The logistics strategy chosen must not only ensure timely and cost-effective deliveries but also guarantee adherence to European Union (EU) regulations, which are stringent in areas

Q3. An Indian manufacturer of home appliances sources raw material & components from suppliers in India & China.

1. Compare the various options of transportation modes to source the required raw material & components explain the choice of the appropriate transportation modes for the same. (5 marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

Sourcing raw materials and components is a critical aspect of the supply chain for an Indian manufacturer of home appliances. To ensure a smooth and efficient supply chain, the choice of transportation modes is paramount. The manufacturer must consider factors like cost, lead time, reliability, and the nature of the materials/components being sourced, especially when dealing with suppliers in both India and China. This comparison explores various transportation options and provides insights into selecting the most appropriate modes for

 

1. The manufacturer plans to launch its range of smart home appliances for which it will need  to  import  chips  from  reliable  suppliers  abroad.  From  which countries can the manufacturer source such chips? How can it facilitate such procurement process over the long term in a consistent & reliable manner?  (5 marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction

Sourcing reliable semiconductor chips is crucial for the Indian manufacturer planning to launch its range of smart home appliances. These chips serve as the brains behind smart features, and the procurement process should ensure a consistent and reliable supply. Identifying potential chip-supplying countries and establishing a sustainable procurement

International HR Practices

December 2023 Examination

 

 

 

Q1. STPL Steel India Limited, planning to set up its manufacturing plant in Vietnam.  You have been appointed as a Global HR Head of the company on undertaking International Human Resource Planning.

Explain important issues and challenges of Human Resources Planning at global level, Which you will be addressing in a meeting with management. (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction

International Human Resource Planning (IHRP) is integral to the success of any organization that aims to set its footprints on foreign soil. As STPL Steel India Limited ventures into establishing its manufacturing plant in Vietnam, the complexities of IHRP cannot be understated. Vietnam, with its unique socio-cultural, economic, and legal landscape, poses a distinctive set of challenges for HR practices. Planning human resources at a global level transcends the mere understanding of domestic HR methods and delves deep into blending organizational goals with host-country nuances. The objective of IHRP is to ensure the right

 

Q2. XYZ Limited an Indian-based IT company opens a subsidiary in Germany. Many employees applied for Internal Job postings and out of 20 applicants, 3 got the opportunity to work in a German subsidiary. After 4 months, one of the employees wishes to come back to their home country and he reaches out to you (the HR team). He says it’s difficult for him to sustain in Germany with the current compensation as the cost-of-living rising day-by-dayand too high to stay in Europe.

You did review the situation. What are the causes you could identify and how will you address them? What factors could have been considered before moving employees to a foreign subsidiary? Which approach or structure of international compensation, does theCompany could have been offered to the ex-pats?  (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction

In the realm of international HR practices, transferring employees between home and host countries is a customary occurrence. Such transfers, typically termed as expatriate assignments, can be instrumental in aligning business operations, sharing knowledge, and strengthening company culture across borders. However, as seen in the case of XYZ Limited’s expansion to Germany, challenges related to the alignment of compensation with the cost of living in the host country can arise. The complexity of designing a fair and

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Q3. Ace Engineering is Mumbai, India-based heavy engineering company specializing intransformer manufacturing and setup projects. It’s now planning to set up a project management office in Warsaw, Poland. For this, there will be a team of 15 project experts moving from India and 2 from France to Poland for 6 months and will return to theirhome countries after 6 months, including a senior manager coming from France.

1. How will you (in the Global HR role) plan and prepare for the repatriation processfor these returnees? (5 Marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

Repatriation, the process of returning employees from international assignments back to their home countries, is a critical phase in the expatriate life cycle. Ace Engineering’s initiative to set up a project management office in Warsaw entails a short-term international assignment, but the potential challenges of reintegrating these experts post-assignment are as profound as

1. What could be  the  challenges  faced  by repatriates  while  returning  to  their homeland?  (5 Marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction

Repatriation, or the process of returning expatriates to their home countries after international assignments, often appears straightforward. However, it is laden with its unique set of challenges. While most companies meticulously plan the process of sending employees on overseas assignments, the reverse journey is often overlooked. The case of Ace Engineering’s

International Finance

December 2023 Examination

 

 

1. How International Finance as a Subject covers most of Crucial aspects of Macro Economics andGlobal Financial Management as a whole? Elaborate the views (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction
International Finance, at its core, bridges the realms of macroeconomics and global financial management, crafting a symbiotic relationship between the two. On one hand, macroeconomics lays down the broad framework of how economies function, delving into aspects like monetary policy, fiscal policy, and economic growth. On the other, global financial management digs deeper into how corporations and institutions navigate the complex web of international monetary systems, capital markets, and foreign exchange. International Finance stands at this intersection, offering a panoramic view of the global economic landscape. It not only contextualizes the intricate dance between countries’

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Top of Form

 

2. Before Mint Parity system in last few decades, which System was prevalent & accepted by closeto 50 Countries Delegates in International Finance regime for Foreign Trade & Exchange Rate? Explain the paradigm (10 Marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction

Before the mint parity system gained prominence in international finance, a pivotal system existed that reshaped the post-World War II global economic landscape: The Bretton Woods System. In 1944, representatives from 44 allied nations convened in the tranquil town of Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, to establish a new monetary order. The world, recovering from the shocks of war and seeking to avoid the mistakes of the inter-war period, particularly the economic policies that led to the Great Depression, needed a stable framework. The Bretton Woods Conference aimed to develop a cooperative approach to international

3a) Out of many Theories of International Trade & Finance, which Theory stands out as most differentand Why?  (5 Marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

Throughout history, numerous theories have sought to explain the intricacies of international trade and finance. From classical theories like Adam Smith’s absolute advantage to David Ricardo’s comparative advantage, economists have delved deep into understanding the dynamics of global trade. However, one theory distinctly veers from the traditional trade paradigms: the theory of “Mercantilism.” Its tenets and rationale position it distinctly, making

3b) Explain which Foreign Bank Account can be termed as Fundamentally most Important in Foreign Transactions?  (5 Marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction
In the realm of international finance and trade, efficient and secure banking mechanisms are paramount. When discussing foreign transactions, there is a particular type of bank account that plays a pivotal role in facilitating global business activities and ensuring smooth financial transactions between countries: the “Nostro Account.” Its centrality to international banking

International Banking & Foreign Exchange Management

December 2023 Examination

Q1. Mr. Patel, a resident of India, frequently travels abroad for business purposes and earns foreign income. He wants to know more about Resident Foreign Currency (RFC) and Exchange Earners’ Foreign Currency (EEFC) accounts to manage his foreign earnings efficiently. Distinguish between Resident Foreign Currency Account and Exchange Earners Foreign Currency account. Mr. Patel is an exporter and earns foreign income in USD. He is interested in opening an Exchange Earners’ Foreign Currency (EEFC) account. Describe the purpose and benefits of an EEFC account for Mr. Patel, and how he can utilize it effectively. (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction

The internationalization of businesses has necessitated the development of banking facilities that cater to the needs of those who earn in foreign currencies. In India, catering to such needs, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has introduced two primary types of accounts, namely the Resident Foreign Currency (RFC) and the Exchange Earners’ Foreign Currency (EEFC) accounts. These accounts are designed to facilitate the financial requirements of individuals like Mr. Patel, who frequently travel abroad and earn in foreign currencies. Both these accounts are instruments to manage foreign earnings efficiently, each serving a distinct purpose. While the RFC account provides flexibility for residents who once had a Non-

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Q2. Explain the role and functions of international financial institutions such as the Asian Development Bank (ADB), BRICS New Development Bank (NDB), World Bank, and International Monetary Fund (IMF) in the global economy. Provide examples of their initiatives and projects to promote economic development and financial stability in different regions.  (10 Marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction

The world today functions as a global village, where interdependence and connectivity between nations have heightened due to advancements in technology and transportation. Amidst this global interplay, international financial institutions serve as the backbone, bridging financial disparities and promoting holistic development. Institutions like the Asian Development Bank (ADB), BRICS New Development Bank (NDB), World Bank, and International Monetary Fund (IMF) play pivotal roles in steering the economic direction of nations and ensuring their stability. From funding infrastructural projects to aiding countries during financial crises, these organizations foster the global economic landscape, acting as

Q3. ABC Corp, a multinational company, operates in both the United States and Europe. The company frequently engages in currency exchange transactions to manage its international operations efficiently. Recently, the company had to exchange a significant amount of euros (EUR) to US dollars (USD) and vice versa.

 

1. a) ABC Corp has received a payment of 500,000 euros (EUR) from a European client. Calculate the equivalent amount in US dollars (USD) using the direct quote method, given the exchange rate is 1 EUR = 1.20 USD. (5 Marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction
Currency exchange is an integral part of international business operations, allowing companies to transact effortlessly across borders. For a multinational entity like ABC Corp, understanding and utilizing currency exchange rates is vital to ensure financial stability and profitability in its global ventures. This examination revolves around the conversion of euros

1. b) On the same day, ABC Corp needs to pay its European suppliers 250,000 euros (EUR). Calculate the equivalent amount in US dollars (USD) using the indirect quote method, given the exchange rate is 1 USD = 0.85 EUR. (5 Marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction:
In a globalized world, international financial transactions often require businesses to convert currencies. For multinational companies like ABC Corp, understanding both direct and indirect quote methods for currency exchange becomes pivotal. This analysis pertains to converting a certain amount of US dollars to euros using the indirect quote method, based on

Insurance & Risk Management

December 2023 Examination

1. Whenever any Human being as insured opts for any kind of Insurance Cover from Insurer as Insurance Company, what could be the most important features/ principles for Insurance Contract? (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction:
Insurance, a cornerstone of modern financial planning, operates as a safety net, cushioning individuals and entities against unforeseen adversities. At its heart, an insurance contract represents a mutual agreement where the insurer commits to compensating the insured against specific losses, in exchange for a premium. However, the efficacy of this agreement rests on a set of core features and principles that uphold the sanctity of the contract, ensuring it serves its purpose effectively. These fundamental principles not only underpin the contract’s legitimacy but also govern the interactions between the insured and the insurer, ensuring

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2. Apart from the Life Insurance, what could be other Facets of Insurance seen in General Society? Elaborate the common benchmarks (10 Marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction:
Insurance, in its essence, is a protective financial shield designed to provide a safety net against unforeseen risks and damages. While life insurance remains paramount, safeguarding the financial interests of an individual’s dependents, the insurance sphere extends far beyond. In a general societal setting, various facets of insurance address myriad risks, ranging from physical assets to potential legal liabilities. These insurances not only preserve the economic stability of individuals but also ensure the uninterrupted functioning of societies. By comprehending these different dimensions, one can appreciate the expansive nature of

3a.) How the Risk Management process can be more advantageous for Human as well as for Organization? Explain from Risk Management paradigm point of view  (5 Marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction
Risk management, a systematic process of identifying, assessing, and mitigating potential adverse outcomes, is foundational to both individuals and organizations. From the Risk Management paradigm perspective, its significance is manifold, acting as a linchpin that ensures not only financial stability but also the overall well-being and sustainability of

3b) How an Insurance Function can be elaborated as Production cum Marketing Agency? Elaborate the views.   (5 Marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction
At its core, insurance functions as a safeguard against uncertainties, providing financial cover for unpredictable events. However, when examined closely, the insurance industry showcases attributes that liken it to a production cum marketing agency. Its dualistic role involves not only creating (producing) insurance products tailored to consumers’ needs but also promoting

Global Retailing

December 2023 Examination

 

 

1. How is Nestle India planning its rural growth trend and which are the best selling products of Nestle and what’s its strategy? (10 marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction

Nestle India, an integral subsidiary of the global food and beverage giant Nestlé S.A., has recognized the untapped potential of India’s expansive rural market. While urban centers have traditionally driven Nestle India’s sales and marketing strategies, the shifting socio-economic dynamics and increasing purchasing power in rural regions have opened a new vista of opportunities. The rural growth trend in India isn’t just about increasing numbers; it’s a metamorphosis of lifestyles, consumption patterns, and brand awareness. This landscape provides a fertile ground for It is only half solved

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2. You are supposed to set up an exclusive new brand of college bags? What is the kind of display that you can think of to increase the sale of these bags and give it a good brand name where it creates an impact? (10 marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction

In today’s world of education and technology, college bags are more than just carriers of books; they’re reflections of a student’s personality, taste, and lifestyle. Students desire bags that can house not just their academic essentials but also their tech gadgets, personal items, and even fashion statements. Recognizing this multifaceted need, setting up an exclusive new brand for college bags requires a strategic approach, both in terms of design and display. An effective display is essential as it not only introduces consumers to the product but also entices them, making the brand memorable. Creating a brand name with an impact further solidifies its presence in the

3. Case Study

Ashok Leyland to enter used vehicle biz

Partners Shriram Automall to launch platform for pre-owned vehicles

Hinduja Group’s flagship commercial vehicle major Ashok Leyland (AL) on Monday announced its foray into the used vehicles business by tying up with Shriram Automall India (SAMIL), which connects pre-owned vehicles and equipment buyers and sellers. The companies will launch an exclusive platform for pre-owned vehicles.

 

The phygital (physical plus digital) platform will facilitate exchange, proper disposal and purchase of old commercial vehicles. With this foray, Ashok Leyland aims to streamline the used-vehicles market by lever- aging its digital ecosystem, existing and potential channel partners in over 100 automalls spread across the country. The company aims to bring in more transparency in this space.

 

The customers will also have access to other value added services of Ashok Leyland like iALERT  telematics  solution,  Driver  SAATHI  skilling  solution,  valuation,  break  down services and fuel, solutions through various digital solutions offered by the firm.

 

“With our aspirations to be an end-to-end mobility solutions provider, this partnership will help  establish  our  presence  in  the  pre-owned  commercial  vehicle  segment.  With  our experience as one of the largest truck makers, this initiative will help to debottleneck the eco- system through a consumer- centric digital solution, which will serve as an easy- to us touchpoint for our consumers; said Sanjay Saraswat, the head -medium and heavy commercial vehicles, Ashok Leyland. The company expects that the initiative will also help it in implementing the scrappage policy at the grassroots level.

 

The company said that through facilities like an exchange, disposal hybrid, and special vehicle inspection, the platform aims to become the top choice of customers who are considering exchanging their vehicles. This will create an opportunity for Ashok Leyland to reach many fleets and single truck owners across India, it said.

 

“SAMIL is living on to the missions to bring innovative digital solutions to enhance the customer experience to the next level.” said Sameer Malhotra, CEO of Shriram Automall India. “Through the OEMs expertise of the Commercial Vehicle segment and our Phygital auctions platforms, which include over 100 Automall network strength. spread across India, we aim to create all-inclusive mobility solutions for buyers and sellers,” he said.

 

Questions 

 

1. What is the strategy of Ashok Leyland? What is the advantage of this strategy and will it succeed? (5 marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

Ashok Leyland (AL), a leading name in the commercial vehicle segment, has taken a strategic step by entering the used vehicle business, partnering with Shriram Automall India (SAMIL). By launching an exclusive phygital platform for pre-owned vehicles, they are aiming to revolutionize the old commercial vehicle market. This move serves dual purposes: enhancing the transparency of the pre-owned segment and extending Ashok Leyland’s comprehensive mobility solution

 

2. What advantages does Ashok Leyland have with its strategy? What types of customer experiences is Ashok Leyland speaking of? (5 marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction

Ashok Leyland’s recent foray into the used vehicle market, in collaboration with Shriram Automall India, reflects a visionary strategy tailored to contemporary market demands. By combining their commercial vehicle expertise with digital innovation, they’re setting the stage for a transformative customer experience. The benefits of this endeavor extend both to the company’s brand image and

Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital Management

December 2023 Examination

 

 

Q1. “Clients do not come first. Employees come first. If you take care of your employees, they will take care of the clients.” Explain. (10 Marks)

Ans ;

Introduction

In the business world, a company’s success is often measured by its profitability and ability to satisfy its clients. However, a growing perspective indicates that prioritizing employees is critical to achieving client pride and business success. The assertion “clients do no longer come first. Personnel come first. if you contend with your employees, they’ll cope with the clients” embodies this philosophy. This essay delves into the cause behind this concept and its application within the modern business landscape.

Concept & Application

Understanding the Concept

The concept that employees need to be a company’s primary recognition stems from the understanding that a corporation is essentially a collective effort of its workforce. Employees are the driving pressure behind an enterprise. They layout, produce, market, and deliver

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Q2. Kritika is a final year hotel management student, who is very much interested in starting her own business of bakery. She is thinking of taking a loan and has approached you for advice. What would you advise her? (10 Marks)

Ans :

Introduction

Kritika, the route you’re considering of venturing into entrepreneurship with a bakery business is exciting and promising. Starting your bakery may be rewarding, blending your ardour for baking with the possibility of creating a hit business. But, this route also requires careful planning, monetary considerations, and strategic decisions to ensure long-term success and sustainability. One of the essential steps in initiating this kind of project is securing the right financing and considering a loan a viable choice. This recommendation will speak to diverse aspects of starting a bakery business and provide insights on obtaining a loan

Q3. Vicky, Charvi and Anjli are going to start a business, which is basically a PR firm which helps different organizations to create brand image and communicate to public to attract customers to those organization. Vicky and Charvi is of opinion that they should form it as a private limited company and Anjli feels it should be LLP.

1. A) How do Vicky and Charvi justify formation of private limited company? (5 Marks)

Ans :

Introduction:

Vicky, Charvi, and Anjli, aspiring entrepreneurs aiming to establish a public relations (PR) firm, stand at a crucial crossroads regarding the legal framework of their employer. The two prominent options they are considering are a personal confined company and a limited liability Partnership (LLP). This essay delves into the purpose behind Vicky and Charvi’s inclination toward forming a unique restricted company, highlighting its governance, legal

1. B) How do Anjli justify formation of LLP? (5 Marks)

Ans ;

Introduction:

Anjli believes that a limited liability Partnership (LLP) is the ideal legal shape for their PR Company because of its unique benefits, particularly of their business goals and the nature of the public relations industry.

A constrained liability Partnership combines the benefits of a traditional partnership and the protection of limited liability for its partners. This structure fosters collaboration and growth

Employee Development & Talent Management

December 2023 Examination

 

 

Q1. ‘The Jaipur Collective’ is a textile manufacturing unit located in the city of Jaipur with enough infrastructure and a good workforce. The organization is specialized in block printing particularly, the supplies that are done in Rajasthan only. The organization is runby the CEO who is commonly known as well educated, experienced, a businessman witha humane approach. He considered the employees as a competitive advantage of his organization and want to keep the workforce always motivated and updated to face the challenges from their competitors. What points should be considered by the CEO for framing effective motivational strategies?  (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction:

‘The Jaipur Collective’, located in the vibrant city of Jaipur, stands as an emblem of traditional craftsmanship, primarily specializing in block printing. While the significance of the product and infrastructure is undeniable, the heart of this organization pulsates through its dedicated workforce. The CEO, a stalwart in his field, not only acknowledges the business nuances but is also well-attuned to the indispensable role of human capital. Recognizing employees as the pivotal force and the core competitive advantage, he aspires to constantly

Q2. Cyber Gateway is an IT firm located in Mumbai. Career planning has always been a pretty low-priority item for the firm. The HR manager believes that just getting workersto come to work and then keeping them honest is enough of a problem. Over a period oftime he realized that many of their employees had been with them for years and it wouldbe good to help them gain a better perspective on what they want to do. He also believedthat career support would have an  effect  on  improving company’s  employee retention. Outline the career planning process you would propose for the designers working with the company. (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction

In today’s dynamic corporate environment, the trajectory of an employee’s professional growth is paramount, not just for personal satisfaction but also for ensuring that organizations remain relevant and forward-thinking. Cyber Gateway, an IT firm in Mumbai, has a wealth of experience and stability through its long-term employees, making it crucial for the company to harness this potential and steer it towards a directed and purposeful career path. With the HR manager’s realization that nurturing careers is essential and can indeed contribute to

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Q3. Infinity Ltd. is an IT based company that provides software packages to its users. It was doing well until it observed a lack of cooperation among its employees and the

management, which affected its business performance. It was observed that employees at various levels were either demotivated or were frustrated. The management asked theHR department to look for a reason behind the rising number of demotivated and frustrated employees. The HR manager worked with managers from other departments and found out that a new technology was introduced by the organisation around a year back to develop software. Most of the employees in the organisation were not aware of this technology; thus, they were having a hard time using it. This reflected on their performance which eventually leads to unsatisfied appraisals, thus increasing frustrationamong employees and no cooperation with the management.

The HR department was asked to suggest a solution for the problem as soon as possible. The department then came up with an idea of conducting employee development program that aimed at making employees aware of the new technology so that they can perform better.

 

1. Considering the situation given in the case, explain  the benefits  of conducting employeedevelopment programs in the company. (5 Marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

In the evolving landscape of the IT industry, adapting to new technologies is not just an option but a necessity. Infinity Ltd., in its pursuit of advancement, integrated new technology, but the oversight of not adequately educating its workforce led to an unintended consequence: a dip in morale and performance. Employee development programs, particularly tailored to technology adoption, emerge as a viable solution in such situations. These programs are

1. Is it essential to evaluate the employee development programme? Justify (5 Marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction

Employee development programs are a strategic investment made by organizations to enhance their workforce’s skills, knowledge, and productivity. However, like all investments, it becomes imperative to assess whether the program is delivering the expected returns. The evaluation of such initiatives is not just a formality but an integral part of ensuring its

Digital Payments

December 2023 Examination

 

 

1)  Outline  the  steps  involved  in  implementing  digital  wallets,  and  then  evaluate  the opportunities they provide to both businesses and customers.     (10 Marks)

 

Ans 1.

Introduction

Digital wallets, often referred to as e-wallets or mobile wallets, represent the next wave in the evolution of monetary transactions. Serving as an electronic version of a physical wallet, they provide a centralized platform to store payment information, such as credit/debit cards and bank account details, making transactions simpler and swifter. As technology continuously drives the world towards a cashless society, digital wallets have emerged as the forerunners of this transformative move. They act as the confluence of technology and commerce,

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2) Explain how blockchain technology is utilized in digital payments and evaluate its potential impact on the future of the financial industry. (10 Marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction

In the digital realm, the way money moves, changes hands, and is accounted for has seen revolutionary advancements, primarily due to the advent of blockchain technology. Originating as the underpinning technology for cryptocurrencies, like Bitcoin, blockchain has evolved to become a foundational tool in various financial applications, particularly in digital payments. Essentially a decentralized, immutable ledger system, blockchain promises increased transparency, security, and efficiency – traits that are highly coveted in the financial world. As the digital payment landscape has transformed from traditional card-based transactions to instantaneous, cross-border digital exchanges, blockchain is heralded as the

3) You are a business consultant working with a small retail store that specializes in handmade crafts. The store primarily operates with cash transactions and has a limited customer base.  The store owner is  interested  in  exploring digital  payment  options to improve customer convenience and expand their business. As a consultant, you need to recommend and analyze the implementation of digital payment solutions.

 

1. a) Suggest and justify two suitable digital payment options that the small retail store can implement to enhance  customer    Consider  factors  such  as  ease  of  use, security, and cost-effectiveness in your recommendations.   (5 marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

In today’s fast-paced digital age, consumers increasingly seek convenience and efficiency in their purchasing experiences. For small businesses, such as a retail store specializing in handmade crafts, adapting to these changes isn’t just about modernization; it’s about capturing a larger audience and offering heightened convenience. Implementing digital payment

 

1. b) Analyze the potential impact of adopting digital payments on the small retail store’s business growth and customer acquisition. Discuss how digital payments can help reach a broader customer base and improve overall sales. (5 Marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction

The digital wave has transformed consumers’ buying behaviors and expectations, turning digital payments from a mere luxury to an essential component of retail. For a small retail store, adapting to this trend isn’t merely about convenience—it’s an imperative for growth and competitiveness. Delving into the implications of adopting digital payments showcases the potential this shift holds for the store’s business growth and the acquisition of a more diverse

Business: Ethics, Governance & Risk

December 2023 Examination

 

 

 

Note: This assignment is application based, you have to apply what you have learnt in this subject into real life scenario. You will find most of the information through internet search and the remaining from your common sense. None of the answers appear directly in the textbook chapters but are based on the content in the chapters, directly or indirectly.

 

1. Choose any ONE listed company from the BSE/NSE list of top 150 companies by turnover. Locate the  Business  Responsibility  &  Sustainability Report  or  ESG  Report (under Statutory Report) in the Annual Report of 2022-23. Read through the following;

• Section C, Principle 6 (in BRSR)
• Chairman and/or CEO’s letter (in annual report)
• Business strategy (in annual report)
• Risk management (in annual report)
• ESG performance (in annual report/ BRSR)
• Company website (ESG / sustainability)
• Sustainability/Integrated report (if available)

Explain in your own words the company’s relationship with water as a resource including what  are  its  water  related  risks,  opportunities  and  financial  implications.  How  does business manage/approach all its water related issues and initiatives as an overall business strategy such that it minimizes its negative impact on the environment as well as the local communities. (use quantitative data to support your answer where required). DO NOT copy paste.  (10 Marks)

 

Ans 1.

Introduction:

Tata Steel, one of the prominent companies in the BSE/NSE top 150 list by turnover, has always been a significant player in the steel industry with vast operational outreach. As such, the company has a massive demand for water to facilitate its operations. Acknowledging water as a vital resource, Tata Steel places a significant emphasis on water stewardship in its Business Responsibility & Sustainability Reports, Annual Reports, and other communication platforms. Recognizing the threats that unfettered consumption poses to both the environment and its operational viability, the company has strategically pivoted its approach towards

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2. Go through the Code of Conduct and all other corporate policies published on the company’s website. (Can use the same company as in Q1 or another company from the same list) Write an executive summary in your own words about all the key points/parameters covered in the code of conduct plus ONE other policy (NOT csr policy). Conclude with your observations and insights about what both of them are meant to achieve. DO NOT copy paste. (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction

Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) stands as a beacon in the corporate world, not just for its vast business ventures but also for its commitment to ethical practices and corporate governance. A company’s Code of Conduct and its corporate policies are foundational documents that guide its operations, ensuring that it remains true to its values while navigating the complex business landscape. These documents not only set the standards for the company’s internal operations but also define its relationship with stakeholders, partners,

 

3. Today pollution is a growing health concern globally. It is seen as an essential evil on the path of economic growth and social development. Yet it needs to be addressed for all of us to have a reasonably good quality of life and access to clean air and water is a basic Human Rights.

 

1. Do you think pollution is ethically consumer responsibility as well? Why do you think so? (5 Marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

In today’s interconnected world, the issue of pollution transcends boundaries, affecting every individual, community, and nation. While industries and governments play pivotal roles in addressing environmental concerns, the role of the consumer cannot be overlooked. As beneficiaries of economic growth and participants in the global market, consumers wield

1. Explain atleast two ethical dilemmas faced by companies while trying to reduce their pollution levels. (5 Marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction

In the quest for sustainability, companies often grapple with complex ethical dilemmas as they attempt to reduce pollution levels. Balancing economic growth with environmental responsibility presents challenges that require companies to make difficult decisions. These dilemmas often arise from conflicting interests, values, and stakeholder expectations, making

Advance Supply Chain Management

December 2023

 

 

 

Q.1 AquaFilter, a manufacturer of water purifier, operates in a crowded market where several other water purifiers are present. Discuss, a planning tool and its various methods, that may helpAquaFilter in discovering the uncertainties of future and provide a competitive edge.   (10 marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction:

In the complex world of the 21st century, businesses operate in an ever-evolving landscape brimming with uncertainties. For AquaFilter, a water purifier manufacturer, these uncertainties are multiplied due to the intense competition and the rapidly changing consumer preferences in their market. To gain a competitive edge, it becomes indispensable for AquaFilter to not just respond to change but to anticipate it. One way to achieve this is through meticulous planning and leveraging tools designed to navigate the unpredictable waters of future events and market shifts. The tool in focus here will aid AquaFilter in

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Q.2 AquaFilter approaches you for implementing Aggregate Planning. Discuss, what four elements that you will suggest AquaFilter should follow and the trade-offs it has to make for aneffective aggregate planning strategy.  (10 marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction:

In the increasingly complex world of manufacturing and supply chain, a company’s ability to anticipate demand and align its production capabilities can significantly influence its market standing. Aggregate planning, a crucial tool in supply chain management, focuses on striking a balance between demand and supply, ensuring optimal production while minimizing costs. For a company like AquaFilter, operating in a competitive environment, mastering aggregate planning could spell the difference between leading the market and being a follower. This essay sheds light on the core elements AquaFilter should consider when implementing

Q.3 Maruti Suzuki has been steadily increasing the localization of its components, which meansusing more locally-sourced materials. This helps to reduce the company’s dependence onimported materials, which can be more expensive and less reliable.

 

1. a) Discuss successful sourcing strategies that may help an organization in efficient procurement process. (5 marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

Localization of components, as showcased by Maruti Suzuki’s strategic move, offers organizations a competitive advantage in terms of cost reduction, supply reliability, and faster market responsiveness. The pivot from relying on imported materials to locally-sourced ones is not merely a procurement decision but a broader strategic initiative. An efficient sourcing strategy lies at the heart of such transformations, ensuring not just cost benefits but also

1. b) Since sourcing has a direct impact on the performance of an organization, what four stages of sourcing decision would you recommend while making “Make or Buy” decisionprocess?

Ans 3b.

Introduction:

The “Make or Buy” decision is a pivotal juncture in an organization’s strategic planning, influencing not only its operational efficiency but also its competitive positioning in the market. This decision dictates whether a company should manufacture a product or component in-house (“make”) or procure it from external suppliers (“buy”). Given its profound implications on costs, quality, and supply chain dynamics, a structured approach

World Class Operations

December 2023 Examination

 

 

Q1. As a consultant dealing with TQM practices, you are concerned with the objectives or the principles for implementing TQM. In this regard, explain the principles for which TQM is implemented.  (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction

Total Quality Management (TQM) represents a paradigm shift in the way businesses approach quality and performance. Initially rooted in manufacturing, the philosophy and practices of TQM have permeated a range of sectors, becoming a cornerstone of business excellence. TQM transcends the rudimentary objective of producing defect-free products or delivering impeccable services. Instead, it integrates a holistic perspective of continuous improvement involving every stakeholder, from employees to suppliers, in its quest. At the heart of this approach lies a set of It is only half solved

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Q2. In order to develop and maintain quality in processes, products and services, there are factors that need to be considered. Please explain the factors with suitable examples. (10 Marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction

In today’s highly competitive business environment, maintaining consistent quality in processes, products, and services is not only a differentiator but also a necessity. Quality assurance is the bedrock on which customers base their trust, and it often determines an organization’s long-term success. When we speak of quality, we refer not only to the final product or service but also to the systems and processes that create them. In the backdrop of this realization, various factors emerge as crucial in the establishment and sustenance of quality. These factors encompass a vast array of elements ranging from organizational culture and commitment to continuous improvement

Q3.a)  Quality Awards act as motivation for the companies to carry on with the world class standards in manufacturing. There are some awards, which are international, and some are domestic. Refer to one international and one domestic award and explain how are they different.     (5 Marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

Quality Awards, established by various organizations and governments worldwide, recognize and honor companies that demonstrate excellence in their manufacturing processes and overall management. These awards not only serve as an acknowledgment of a company’s commitment to quality but also inspire other organizations to achieve similar standards. International awards are designed to serve companies across the globe, emphasizing universally recognized principles, while domestic awards cater to nation-specific nuances and business environments. By exploring one of each, we can gain a clearer understanding of their distinctions and

 

1. b) With reference to Quality Awards how Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence assesses for the award? (5 Marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction

The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA), established as a beacon of performance excellence, represents one of the most prestigious recognitions for quality and performance management globally. Rooted in diverse criteria, it’s not just about quality in the traditional sense, but a holistic view of organizational excellence. The Baldrige Criteria for

Treasury Management in Banking

December 2023 Examination

 

 

 

1. In view of poor Balance of Payment management by Govt/RBI, higher interest rates and inflation, INR is expected to depreciate further. Suggest ways/ Internal/external Techniques to manage Currency Risk by Corporates for their ECB’s and Import payments (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction
In an interconnected global economy, currency risk emerges as a significant challenge for businesses operating beyond domestic borders. Adverse movements in foreign exchange rates can potentially harm a corporation’s profitability, especially in circumstances where Balance of Payments is poorly managed, and where inflation and interest rates are on an upward trajectory. For corporates leveraging External Commercial Borrowings (ECB) and managing import payments, currency depreciation, like the anticipated fall of INR, can inflate costs and debt obligations. It becomes imperative for businesses to employ sound strategies to mitigate these risks and ensure It is only half solved

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2. Explain the role  played  by  SWIFT,  Nostro,  Vostro,  Special  Vostro  Account  for settlement of International Trade & Treasury products.  Explain the term Globalization of INR used by Govt / RBI. (10 Marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction
In the intricate web of global finance, streamlined communication and efficient mechanisms for transferring funds across borders are paramount. Organizations like SWIFT and financial constructs like Nostro, Vostro, and Special Vostro accounts act as vital cogs in this machinery, ensuring seamless international trade and treasury operations. These systems and accounts simplify and expedite trade settlements, making globalization not just a theoretical concept but a functional reality. Additionally, the idea of ‘Globalization of INR’ reflects India’s ambitions on the global

3.“To control double digit inflation, US & other major Central Banks have increased interest rates, which resulted in the failure/consolidation of SVC Bank, First Republic Bank & Credit Suisse?

1. Discuss the impact of increase in interest rates on Treasury Investment Portfolios of Banks. (5 Marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction
Interest rates, set by central banks, are pivotal instruments in the macroeconomic toolkit, often used to rein in inflation or stimulate economic growth. When central banks, like those in the US, decide to hike interest rates, particularly in the context of curbing soaring inflation, it invariably sends ripples throughout the financial ecosystem. Banks, with their treasury investment portfolios, are significantly affected. The purported challenges faced by institutions like SVC Bank, First Republic Bank, and Credit Suisse highlight the real-world implications of

 

1. How the increase in interest rates will control inflation, when there is a huge liquidity in the system? (5 Marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction
Inflation, the perennial economic challenge, often prompts central banks globally to recalibrate monetary policy to sustain economic stability. One commonly employed tool is adjusting interest rates. The recent escalation in interest rates by the US and other major central banks aims to combat double-digit inflation. However, such decisions can have profound ripple effects, as seen in the tribulations of institutions like SVC Bank, First Republic Bank,

 

Strategic HRM

Dec 2023 Examination

 

 

 

 

Q.1 Motocrop is a mid-sized manufacturing firm that specializes in producing automotive parts. Over the years, the company has seen a steady growth in its operations and market presence. However, the industry is rapidly evolving, with technological advancements such as automation, robotics, and AI becoming integral to manufacturing processes. Motocrop recognizes the need to adapt and invest in these technologies to remain competitive and efficient. As the Head of Human Resources, you have been tasked with developing  a  strategic  human  resource  plan  to  guide  the  company  through  this technological transformation.      

Ans 1.

Introduction

In today’s dynamically evolving industrial landscape, technological progression is not a mere choice; it is a mandate. The manufacturing sector, especially automotive components, is witnessing a paradigm shift, with automation, robotics, and artificial intelligence (AI) becoming critical cogs in the operational wheel. Motocrop, with its rich legacy in the automotive parts domain, stands at this pivotal juncture. While its growth trajectory in the past speaks volumes about its resilience and capabilities, the future beckons a

Q.2 You are the HR Manager of a rapidly growing technology start-up. The company has been experiencing a high rate of employee turnover, particularly among top-performing employees who are leaving for better opportunities elsewhere. This turnover is not only affecting the company’s productivity but also hindering its ability to innovate and stay competitive in the industry. As the HR Manager, you are tasked with developing some retention strategies.  (10 Marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction

In the fiercely competitive landscape of the technology industry, human capital serves as the pivotal axis around which the success and growth trajectory of a start-up revolves. For a rapidly growing technology start-up, the challenge lies not only in recruiting top talent but also in retaining it. Recent trends at our company indicate a surge in the departure of top-performing employees, a phenomenon which threatens our position in the marketplace, as it not only reduces operational efficiency but also impacts our innovation capabilities. The essence of our predicament isn’t just the act of leaving, but the exodus of the very minds that

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Q.3 InnovateTech is a mid-sized technology-consulting firm known for its innovative solutions and expertise in emerging technologies. However, the company has been facing challenges related to employee engagement and retention. Despite offering competitive compensation, some top-performing employees have been leaving the company for opportunities elsewhere. InnovateTech’s leadership recognizes the need to implement a Career Planning for the employees and needs to work on the same.

 

1. Discuss the initiatives taken by the organisation for Career Development & Planning for employees. (5 marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

InnovateTech, despite its acclaim for groundbreaking solutions in emerging technologies, faces a quintessential challenge: retaining its top-performing employees. While monetary compensation is competitive, it’s becoming increasingly clear that today’s workforce seeks more than just financial incentives. The growing emphasis on holistic career development and planning is evident. For organizations like InnovateTech, the commitment to building

 

1. b. Explain the significance of a well-designed process of succession planning increasing employee satisfaction and retention rates at InnovateTech? (5 marks)

 

Ans 3b.

Introduction

In the intricate mosaic of organizational growth and sustainability, succession planning emerges as a vital piece. For InnovateTech, facing retention challenges, it’s imperative to view succession planning not merely as a contingency for leadership continuity but as a strategic tool to bolster employee satisfaction and retention. The process, if well-executed,

Strategic Financial Management

December 2023 Examination

 

 

 

Question 1

A company is evaluating two investment projects, Project A and Project B, each with different levels of risk and an initial investment of Rs. 3,00,000. The risk-free rate of return is 5%. The expected cash flows and their probabilities for each project are as follows:

 

Project A:

Expected Cash Flow in Year 1: Rs.100,000

Expected Cash Flow in Year 2: Rs.150,000

Expected Cash Flow in Year 3: Rs.200,000

 

Project B:

Expected Cash Flow in Year 1: Rs.80,000

Expected Cash Flow in Year 2: Rs.120,000

Expected Cash Flow in Year 3: Rs.180,000

 

The company’s financial analysts have determined that Project A has a beta of 1.2, while

Project B has a beta of 0.8. The market risk premium is 8%.

 

Calculate the risk-adjusted discount rate for each project using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and then determine which project the company should choose based on the risk-adjusted Net Present Value (NPV) criteria.  (10 Marks)

 

Ans 1.

Introduction 

Net present value (NPV) is the difference between the current value of cash outflows and the present value of cash inflows over time. Net present value is utilized in investment planning and capital budgeting to analyze a projected venture’s profitability.

NPV results from calculations that locate the present value of a future move of bills using the precise discount rate. Tasks with an effective NPV are generally worth the challenge, while those with a negative net present value are not.

• Net present value (NPV) calculates the current price of a future stream of payments from an organization, project, or investment.
• To calculate internet present value, you must calculate the quantity and timing of future

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Question 2.

There are several ways in which Mergers and Acquisitions can be categorized. Explain the different types of Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) that companies can pursue to achieve strategic objectives and growth. Provide examples of each type and discuss the reasons behind their adoption.  (10 Marks)

 

Ans 2.

Introduction 

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) consolidate groups or assets through diverse economic transactions.

Two Or more companies merge their operations into one entity in a merger. On the other hand, in an acquisition, one company acquires every other company, and the contracted employer becomes a subsidiary of the acquiring company.

Mergers and acquisitions are often pursued for various motives. This could be for expanding

Question 3a.

A stock option is for 100 shares of the underlying stock. Ayush, a trader buys one call option contract on stock of Alpha Ltd. with a strike price of Rs.25. He pays Rs.150 for the option. Assuming on the option’s expiration date, Alpha Ltd.’s shares are selling for Rs.35; compute the gain/loss incurred by Ayush. (5 Marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

Futures and options are financial derivatives that help traders speculate on the cost movements of an asset without actually purchasing it. Futures contracts obligate the dealer to shop for an underlying asset, while the seller (trader) must deliver it at a predetermined date and rate. In options contracts, the dealer has the proper, but not the duty, to promote or buy the underlying

 

Question 3b

Xenon  Ltd.,  is  a  multinational  manufacturing  company,  and  its  management  team  is evaluating the financial performance of its various divisions. They want to assess each division’s contribution to shareholder value using Economic Value Added (EVA). The company’s cost of capital is 10%.

 

	Division A	Division B
Total Capital Employed	Rs.20,000,000	Rs.15,000,000
Operating Profit	Rs.3,500,000	Rs.2,800,000
Tax Rate	30%	25%

 

Calculate  the  Economic  Value  Added  (EVA)  for  each  division  and  determine  which division is creating more value for the shareholders.   (5 Marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction

Economic value added (EVA) measures an organization’s financial performance based on the residual wealth determined by deducting its COC (cost of capital) from its working profit, adjusted for taxes on a cash basis. EVA can also be referred to as income, as it attempts to seize the actual economic profit of an organization. This measure was devised by the management

Services Marketing

December 2023 Examination

 

 

 

Q1. You  are the  owner of  a retail  chain. You  currently have consumer   durables, groceries and private label clothing range for kids, men, and women.  The price point is low and the quality you offer is  fantastic. You have more than eighty percent repeat customers. In most of the customer, surveys that you have conducted with market research agencies have pointed this unique feature of your store. You have successfully operated your business in Delhi. You have about 15 stores operating across the state. During the last five years, you have spread your offerings to the other northern states, and you have seen a wonderful response. You are encouraged, and you decide to take this down south.

You have encouraged about twenty five percent of your best staff member to open the first store in Bangalore. (With a salary hike) They are your top performers. The vacant positions in the north will be filled up temporarily and the staff members deputed  would  be  called back after 3 years from the start of the operation. Thestore opens as scheduled. The initial response is good, but within six months, you see a plethora of  complaints  coming in  and customers  are  unhappy  with  theiroverall experience. Your cash counters seem to become empty with footfalls and profits coming down.

This comes to you as a big shock as you had not expected this to happen. You are unwilling to give up and you need to understand why? Is it the mindset of the people, a consumer whom you have never encountered before, or is it the issue of training your people and re designing of your service offerings? But will you be able to turn this around?

Do you feel that there is a difference in consumer mindset in the South vis a vis the North? Can you point some of them? What data do you need to reach to a conclusion and what steps should you take to plug the footfalls?   (10 Marks)

 

Ans 1.

Introduction

The vastness and diversity of India not only exist in its topography and culture but also in the business landscapes and consumer behaviors across regions. While establishing a business in a particular region, one reaps benefits from understanding and adapting to local nuances, which significantly impacts business success. When a retail chain, thriving in the northern regions with a focus on consumer durables, groceries, and private-label clothing, expands its operations to the south, it steps into an environment where the cultural, social, and economic dynamics might be distinct. The premise is built around the sudden surge of complaints and

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Q2. You have worked in the industry for a decade, and you are now fed up with the boring work environment around you. The entrepreneurial bug has bitten you and a food business is in your mind. There are numerous challenges, however. In your city, the working population is large enough to sustain the business, disposable incomes are high, and you feel that there is a niche offering that needs to be created for your restaurant, for example a Japanese or a Korean cuisine. The problem however with a niche is adoption to local tastes, preferences, and the biggest challenge of whether customer would be interested in them. The next big challenge would be for you to reach out to the right set of customers. This might take  you some time, and your biggest fear is that the initial buzz that you may create at the start may not sustain after a point. Also, if you are successful, there may be copycatscoming in. You are therefore considering a second alternative of ‘tiffin services’ to people around you. This may not have the glamour but will make you cash bells ringing from day 1 if your product is right. There may not any need for branding or the need to position yourself. It is a dilemma that you are facing.

How would the service offering be different in case of a restaurant vis a vis tiffin service? (7Ps) and how would you plan to market the service offerings? (restaurant vis a vis tiffin service)  (10 Marks)

 

Ans 2.

Introduction

The decision to launch a food business, especially after a decade in a monotonous industry, is a thrilling venture. With a bustling working population and high disposable incomes in the city, both niche restaurants and tiffin services offer distinct potential. A niche restaurant, like Japanese or Korean cuisine, brings forth the excitement of offering a unique culinary experience. Conversely, tiffin services, while less glamorous, have the advantage of assured demand if the product is right. Each has its own set of challenges, from adoption of new tastes to the simpler logistical challenges of a tiffin service. The primary question is how

Q3.  Trail  Blazers academy is  a  coaching  academy,  providing training,  coaching,  and counselling services for students. Their primary revenue source is from the coachingthey do for medical and JEE. Established a decade ago, it is now a well-known brand, but faces sever competition from the crowded market of the coaching space. The quality of the students passing out are well know and many candidates are able to crack the JEE and medical exams. However, in the last couple of years, the company has tried to expand using the franchise model. This was possibly the best model available. But with tremendous amount of competition happening online and offline, the pricing model of the academy has changed. The  fees  for  the  course  are on  the  brochure  but  is  charged  variably.  There  are  no standardizations followed. Many of the franchisees charge whatever they want to, essentially to maintain a minimum threshold of students flowing into the organisation. Sometimes the center heads of the franchise encourage existing students to bring in new candidates, there by incentivizing them. Some of the hard negotiators are able to settle down at a lower price point that what others are paying. In many cases, students were allowed just with a token money with more than the usual EMIs. Everything seems to be as per the flexibility of the center managers. While some of the franchises are happy, others are not. The location of the center, number of enrolments drive the pricing. The parents are unhappy with this mechanism and there are complaints floating in the social media about Trail Blazers. The franchises are incentivized on the total revenue they add to the parent group. Many of them therefore have started the recent practice of creating fake candidates, thereby making themselves eligible for more incentives.

 

Trail Blazers have also realized that due to competitive pressure, they are unable to make good margins in the business and wants to expand their offerings. They are now planning to start a HR recruitment consulting firm. The CEO can drive this, because of his previous experience in this area. He also has a team,  which is capable enough. The CEO has invited you, as a consultant. They are in a dilemma on whether they should use the Trail Blazers brand name to the recruitment consulting firm or use a new name. Trail Blazers sound to be a great name for the consulting firm and matches with the nature of work that they intend to do. However, many of the other managers opine that these two businesses are different and not related and therefore the brand extension is not suitable for the newofferings. Even if they use the same name, how would they position themselves?

 

1. How do you price their services better? (5 marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

Trail Blazers Academy has successfully carved a niche for itself in the coaching industry over the past decade. Despite its reputation for quality outcomes, it grapples with challenges, especially in its pricing structure and franchise model. As they contemplate diversifying into HR recruitment consulting, the core question arises: Should they carry their established brand name forward or chart a new course? Additionally, optimizing their current pricing structure

1. Is venturing into a new service offering a sensible proposition for Trail Blazers? What are the potential benefits and challenges that you see as a consultant (5 marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction

Trail Blazers Academy, despite its commendable track record in the educational coaching sector, now contemplates diversification into HR recruitment consulting. Venturing into a different industry is fraught with both potential and peril. It’s crucial to weigh the advantages and potential roadblocks of such a decision to gauge the sensibility of this move.

Expanding one’s business purview demands not just an assessment of potential rewards but

Research Methodology

December 2023 Examination

1. Compare and contrast qualitative and quantitative research methods. Apollo hospitals wants to investigate the factors contributing to patient satisfaction in their hospitals. Develop a research plant using mixed-method approach and outline the steps you would take to conduct research. (10 Marks)

 

Ans 1.

Introduction

Research methodologies are pivotal in understanding and interpreting various phenomena. Broadly, research methods are categorized into qualitative and quantitative approaches, each with its unique set of techniques, tools, and paradigms. Qualitative research delves deep into understanding human behavior, emotions, and patterns, often focusing on the ‘why’ and ‘how’ of phenomena. It is exploratory in nature and relies on methods like interviews, focus groups, and observations. On the other hand, quantitative research seeks to quantify data and typically applies statistical analysis. It is structured and uses measurable data to formulate facts and

 

2. Netflix is interested in examining the relationship between user interface design and customer satisfaction. How would you design an experimental study to investigate this relationship, and what variables would you manipulate and measure?

Ans 2.

Introduction

In the digital age, the user interface (UI) of a platform plays a pivotal role in determining the overall user experience. For streaming giants like Netflix, where content is abundant, the ease of navigating, discovering, and interacting with this content can significantly influence customer satisfaction. The relationship between UI design and customer satisfaction is not just about aesthetics; it encompasses functionality, intuitiveness, and responsiveness. As competition in the streaming industry intensifies, understanding this relationship becomes paramount for Netflix to retain and grow its user base. This study aims to design an

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3. The once-promising metaverse, envisioned as the future of virtual reality, has faced a remarkable and abrupt downfall. Its rise and fall present a unique opportunity to explore the intricate challenges of constructing interconnected virtual worlds. This article investigates the contributing factors to the metaverse’s demise and examines the valuable lessons learned from this ambitious venture. Originally introduced as “Meta,” an offspring of popular media such as “Tron” and “Second Life,” the metaverse gained significant attention and investment frenzy. However, a lack of clear direction and coherent vision for the product ultimately led to its decline. As the tech industry shifted its focus to generative AI, the fate of the metaverse was sealed, landing it among the failed ideas in the tech industry’s graveyard. This short-lived and inglorious ending of the metaverse serves as a harsh critique of the tech industry that once championed its creation.

 

1. Develop qualitative questions for conducting interview to understand if Metaverse has actually failed?

 

Ans 3a.

Introduction

The metaverse, once hailed as the next frontier in virtual reality, has seen a tumultuous journey from its inception to its perceived decline. While many narratives suggest its downfall, it’s essential to approach this topic with a balanced perspective. Interviews, especially with stakeholders and users, can provide invaluable insights into the true status and potential future of the metaverse. By formulating qualitative questions, we aim to delve

 

1. Interview 4-5 respondents for with the questions formulated and generate themes to evaluate the future of metaverse?

Ans 3b.

Introduction

The metaverse, with its ambitious promise of interconnected virtual worlds, has been a topic of much debate and speculation. To truly understand its trajectory and potential future, we conducted interviews with several respondents, leveraging the qualitative questions previously formulated. These respondents, representing a mix of users, developers, and

New Product Development and Managing Innovation

December 2023 Examination

 

 

 

1. Vinesh works as a product manager for a large multi-national automobile company (eg. Volkswagen, Ford etc.). The company would like to create a new car targeted at youngsters in the age group of 25-35 years. Vinesh is responsible for the end to end product development process. Describe the approach across the different steps in generic product design and development process that he should follow.

Ans 1.

Introduction

In today’s fast-paced world, the automobile industry has become increasingly dynamic, driven by changing customer preferences, technological advancements, and the push for sustainability. For multi-national giants, staying relevant necessitates continuous innovation. The challenge is to design a vehicle that resonates with the younger demographic, encompassing their values, desires, and the lifestyle they aspire to. As Vinesh embarks on the journey to oversee the end-to-end product development process, he will grapple with synthesizing multiple elements – from ideation and market research to design, testing, and commercialization. Understanding the intricate dance of these phases not only ensures a product that aligns with market demand but also secures a successful launch It is only half solved

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2. Vinesh (from the previous example) has done good job assembling a team. He now has to generate product ideas. What are different idea generation strategies that he can use and what are the characteristics of each.

Ans 2.

Introduction

In the realm of new product development, the ideation phase is a pivotal cornerstone. It is during this phase that the groundwork for innovation is laid, setting the tone for the entire development process. The strategies employed for generating ideas not only shape the product’s final design but also its viability in the market. For leaders like Vinesh, navigating the vast expanse of idea generation methodologies becomes a critical aspect of their role. These strategies, each distinct in its approach and characteristics, enable a diverse range of possibilities and exploration depths. Grasping the nuances of these strategies is essential to mold a product that is both innovative and market-

3a. Consider that you work for an Android app development company, NeuApps. The company needs your help in analyzing the different types product features for a new fitness tracking app they are developing, using the Kano model? Give a brief description of Kano model and explain the different types of features described by it in the context of a smartphone. (5 marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction:

The world of app development has constantly been evolving, aiming to meet user expectations seamlessly. NeuApps, in its quest to design a fitness tracking app, would benefit from using the Kano model, a revered framework in product development. The Kano model assists developers in prioritizing features based on customer satisfaction and can be instrumental in curating features for a

3b. You are a product manager at a new age start up. A friend of yours is setting up a company and would like understand the nuances of Intellectual Property Rights? Explain the different types of IPR and the need for considering IPR during a new product development. Provide an example for each type of IPR. (5 Marks)

 

Ans 3b.

Introduction

In the modern business ecosystem, where innovation reigns supreme, Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) have emerged as invaluable assets. As ideas and concepts become tangible products or services, safeguarding them from imitation becomes paramount. For entrepreneurs, like your friend, understanding the various facets of IPR is vital to ensure the unique aspects of their products or services are protected and

Marketing Research

December 2023 Examination

 

 

 

1. Apple Inc. sees a decline in sale of iPhone in India. They perceived that the new launches such as foldable smartphones by competitors are a threat to their products. They hire you in a role of market researcher and give a task to understand customer preferences for foldable smartphones. Develop a survey questionnaire that captures consumers’ opinions and features, design, price, and brand reputation. (10 Marks)

 

Ans 1.

Introduction

In the rapidly evolving world of technology, consumer preferences shift dynamically, influenced by innovations and market trends. Apple Inc., known for its pioneering innovations and impeccable brand reputation, has identified a potential decline in iPhone sales in India, attributing it to the surge in the popularity of foldable smartphones launched by competitors. The Indian market, characterized by its diverse consumer base and a vast demographic spectrum, necessitates a deep dive into understanding these preferences. A methodical market research approach can provide insights into why and how foldable

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2. Fab India wants to introduce a new clothing line targeting millennial. As a market researcher, develop a questionnaire to conduct in-depth interviews with a representative sample of millennial to understand their fashion preferences, lifestyle, and purchasing behavior. List down the questions and analyze them using thematic analysis. (10 Marks)

Introduction

Fab India, with its rich legacy in Indian ethnic wear, has an opportunity to tap into the burgeoning millennial market segment by launching a new clothing line tailored to their sensibilities. Millennial consumers, characterized by their unique blend of traditional values and contemporary outlook, are increasingly becoming pivotal in shaping market trends. It’s imperative for brands to understand the intricacies of their preferences in order to develop products that resonate with them. To achieve this understanding, in-depth interviews offer an exploratory approach, allowing a deep dive into their fashion preferences, lifestyle choices, and purchasing behaviors. Creating a comprehensive questionnaire for these interviews is the

3. UrbanHomes Developers, a renowned real estate company, is exploring the idea of building a new and innovative housing project in the bustling city of Navi Mumbai, India. The vision is to create a modern living haven that combines contemporary design, sustainable features, and a vibrant community lifestyle. As the project’s market researcher, the goal is to understand potential buyers’ preferences, budget constraints, and location preferences to shape the development according to their needs and aspirations.

1. As a market researcher, design a survey based questionnaire to assess potential buyers’ preferences, budget constraints, and location preferences for the new housing development. The survey must include both qualitative and quantitative questions. (5 Marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

UrbanHomes Developers stands at the cusp of creating a potentially transformative housing project in Navi Mumbai. The success of this project heavily relies on meeting the desires, needs, and constraints of potential buyers. By marrying contemporary design with sustainable features and fostering a vibrant community lifestyle, the company envisions a modern living

Top of Form

1. Identify the Target Market and characteristics of ideal respondents. (5 Marks)

 

Ans 3b.

Introduction

In the bustling landscape of Navi Mumbai, identifying the right target market becomes the cornerstone of success for UrbanHomes Developers’ innovative housing project. By tailoring their offering to a specific audience, they can ensure a greater alignment between their project features and the aspirations of potential buyers. The ideal respondents’ characteristics further

Managing Business Process Outsourcing

December 2023 Examination

1. Many companies have considered outsourcing a broad range of business processes, including IT services, to achieve critical cost savings. Although this kind of agreement can be structured in many ways, a thoughtful contractual arrangement, with appropriate cost sharing, pass-through mechanisms and pricing adjustments, allows the parties to share certain risks and at the same time establish a productive and profitable relationship. Explain BPO contract negotiation and monitoring and their risk impact? (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction

Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) is an increasingly popular strategy among numerous agencies seeking to streamline operations, lessen costs, and increase growth efficiency. Negotiation and tracking of BPO contracts play a critical role in this effort; their complexity entails a couple of services with diverse stakeholders worried – so organizing an organized contractual framework serves as the cornerstone for realizing cost savings while cultivating effective operating relationships among outsourcing agencies and service providers alike.

A hit BPO settlement negotiations require cautious planning and in-depth knowledge of the scope, pricing structures, carrier level agreements (SLAs), risk sharing mechanisms,

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2. Organizations typically undertake periodic process improvement that are focused on specific business processes and may or may not align with the business strategy. In order to realize all the benefits of sometimes disparate BPM efforts, there needs to be an ongoing, organization-wide effort to assess and measure the results and continue to use the successful implementations. A process portfolio is widely considered the answer.

What are the benefits of effective process portfolio management?   (10 Marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction

Organizational dynamics frequently include periodic process improvement initiatives stated collectively as business procedure management (BPM), sometimes occurring independently of an organization’s overall approach or dreams. A key venture related to BPM initiatives lies in capitalizing on their results effectively; to try this successfully calls for taking an integrated and systematic method for measuring, tracking, and keeping successful implementation across an entire agency. For this mission, system portfolios provide extensively recognized answers to this task.

System portfolio control provides organizations with an organizational structure for

 

3. For ALPHA CallCenter, a leading healthcare BPO company based out of Gulf approached MeraBPO with a requirement to improve their BPO process. The customer’s BPO division handles over a million customer calls every month, but their customer satisfaction levels were plummeting downwards. Even their CSAT was as low as 47%. Since the customer was a part of the healthcare industry, it was unacceptable for the company to find a low level of satisfaction from their customers. MeraBPO’s role was to nail down the causes for the low CSAT levels and then to provide a customized BPO solution that would help the company’s performance to soar.

At the onset of the project, the BPO team at MeraBPO decided to dissect the problem and get to the root cause. Through a detailed analysis, they identified some of the critical issues in the process that were affecting the customer’s BPO’s performance. The following were the requirements of the customer:

There was a linguistic and cultural mismatch between the BPO’s personnel and the client’s customers. The client’s customer base was native Arabs while the BPO employees of the customer (5 male agents and 5 female agents) were not native Arabic speakers. This language barrier made it difficult for the employees to effectively address the culture-specific requirements of the customers

There  was  a  critical  need  to  align  the  BPO  support  team  with  the  standard processes that govern BPO functioning. The BPO team also required intensive training in BPO platform management

The BPO’s turnaround time lagged over a period of 7 days in contacting their customers after discharge

The support BPO team worked only 5 days a week (Monday to Friday) and only between 9 am to 5 pm. This posed a serious limitation for the customers who wanted to contact our client

The customers wanted to make sure that they were talking to an Arab agent and would ask the BPO employees for their last name

Female patients of our client would submit contact numbers of the male members of their family instead of their own

The customer reach percentage was less than 2%

After identifying the unique problems that were affecting our client’s BPO, they deployed  one  their  best  teams  to  implement  a  customized  BPO  platform. MeraBPO’s skilled BPO team refurbished the entire BPO process of the customer by adopting the following measures:

1. BPO Service Timings: they increased the support time span by a period of 4 hours. Next, they made the support center available from 7 AM to 7 PM. To match the working week of UAE, they decided to change the work days of the BPO to

to Thursday instead of Monday to Friday. Multiple shifts was also introduced to meet the time demand with WFM.

2. Local BPO Agents: they hired a team of native speaking Arabs to eliminate the cultural gaps.

3. Support Infrastructure: they enhanced the infrastructure for the customer’s BPO center and included best-of-breed voice, email and internet facilities. This helped in substantially reducing the turnaround time of the BPO team.

4. Value Added Support Services: they also offered a host of value added services, such as the following:

they extended the 24 hour call support for excess processing requirements during peak hours

The BPO agents were given customized ‘Last Names’ to suit the caller’s country

The DID number was masked based on the caller’s country

The BPO agents were given 20% hand-outs

Culture specific provisions were specially created to record rebuttals  from the objections raised by the male family members of female patients

The BPO process of the customer was continuously improvised and enhanced based on Lean and Six Sigma methods

The database of the customer was always kept up-to-date

The BPO application was rectified periodically

Within a short time span of just 2 months, they were able to present the following results to our customer. From an unsatisfactory 47% the CSAT galloped to a whopping 85% – 87%.

The turnaround time was improved by 24%.

a.   What were the cultural challenges faced by ALPHA call center and how were these specific cultural challenges met by ALPHA call center.    (5 Marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

ALPHA name Centre, a healthcare BPO firm, faced sizable cultural problems for the duration of operations, particularly when running with native Arabic-speaking customers. This essay explores what those obstacles have been, as well as the strategies ALPHA employed to tackle them effectively.

Concept and Analysis

ALPHA name middle confronted distinct cultural hurdles that averted their overall

1. What are the advantages of outsourcing call center operations of a hospital to a BPO like ALPHA call center? (5 Marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction

Outsourcing the decision center operations of a hospital to a business process outsourcing organization like ALPHA name center may offer many ability benefits in terms of healthcare industry operations. This essay discusses these ability gains.

Concept and analysis

Outsourcing sanatorium name center operations to specialized BPOs such as ALPHA name centers gives many compelling benefits. First and most importantly, outsourcing allows

Lean Six Sigma

December 2023 Examination

1.   Assume that  you  are working in a business process outsourcing (BPO) company. Identify a process in your organization that needs some improvement and create a broad outline for using the DMAIC methodology for process improvement. Also, assuming that you are the project leader of a Six Sigma project. Create a list of a few rules that you would lay down for your team to abide by to avoid any situations of conflict.    (10 Marks)

Introduction

In today’s exceptionally competitive enterprise generation, businesses usually look for ways to beautify productivity, reduce costs, and expand consumer satisfaction. One vital methodology in achieving those goals is Six Sigma, a data-pushed approach that makes progress toward process perfection. As a project chief within a business process Outsourcing (BPO) company, the importance of Six Sigma should be included. It presents an organized framework for process development, and one of its most reliable strategies is DMAIC, which stands for define, measure, analyze, improve, and control. Within the context of a BPO

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2.   Imagine yourself to be a Six Sigma project leader in a big multi-specialty hospital. Prepare a schedule for all activities starting with patient admission till the patient occupies the bed. Also, draw a process map for the process of a patient admission to the hospital at the point of registration till occupying the bed.     (10 Marks)

Introduction

In a massive multi-specialty hospital, ensuring the seamless admission of patients is big. As a Six Sigma assignment chief, the objective is to streamline the affected person’s admission method, making particular effectiveness, accuracy, and a more substantial patient experience. This system spans from the initial registration factor to the second the affected person occupies a clinic mattress. The significance of this endeavor should be addressed because it straightforwardly influences patient care, resource allocation, and the general functioning of

Q3a.   Suppose you work in an organization that provides computer software and web-based business tools to other organizations.

1. a) Identify a particular process (any 1) in your organization and break it down into smaller activities to identify Non-Value Added (NVA), Business Value Added (BVA), and Value Added (VA) activities.

Ans 3a.

Introduction

In a dynamic organization specializing in computer software and web-based business tools, it’s crucial to boost the effectiveness of the approaches. One such significant manner is software program improvement, which involves sports progression. This discussion investigates the breakdown of software development into its constituent sports to identify

b) Assuming you are the project leader of a Six Sigma project undertaken based on the identified process in part a, list down the responsibilities covered under different six sigma belts such as Master Black Belt (MBB), Black Belt (BB), Green Belt (GB), Yellow Belt (YB) and White Belt (WB).       (5 Marks)

Introduction

In a Six Sigma venture aimed at optimizing a software improvement process, it’s imperative to delineate the obligations of various Six Sigma belts. Those jobs, including master Black Belt (MBB), Black Belt (BB), green Belt (GB), Yellow Belt (YB), and White Belt (WB), are instrumental in using technique development and first-class enhancement.

Concept and Analysis

Master Black Belt (MBB)

Strategic Leadership– MBBs supply strategic path, aligning Six Sigma tasks with

IT Security and Risk Management

December 2023 Examination

 

 

 

1. As a term, people, process, and technology (PPT) refers to the methodology in which the balance of people, process, and technology drives action: People perform a specific type of work for an organization using processes (and often, technology) to streamline and improve these processes. What do you mean by security awareness for people, process, and technology? (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Introduction:

In the realm of IT security and risk management, the triad of people, process, and technology (PPT) forms the backbone of an organization’s security posture. While each component of this triad is distinct, they are deeply interwoven, with the effectiveness of one often depending on the other two. Security awareness, in this context, is not just about understanding threats and vulnerabilities but also about cultivating a proactive mindset towards safeguarding assets. It emphasizes the importance of each element in the PPT triad being cognizant of, and resilient against, potential security threats. By fostering

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2. Access control is a method of guaranteeing that users are who they say they are and that they have the appropriate access to company data. Companies often grant access to information and assets to staff even if it is not relevant to that member of staff’s role. Describe access control methodologies and implementation for purpose of security? Give detailed justifications for your recommendations. (10 Marks)

Ans 2.

Introduction

Access control is a foundational pillar of information security, ensuring that only authorized individuals can access specific resources within an organization. It operates on the principle of “least privilege,” which means granting users only the permissions they need to perform their job functions. In the digital age, where data breaches and cyberattacks are rampant, implementing robust access control mechanisms is not just a best practice but a necessity. Without proper access controls, organizations risk exposing sensitive data to unauthorized

3. Bangladesh Bank is the central bank of Bangladesh, responsible for managing the country’s monetary and financial stability. In February 2016, cybercriminals launched a sophisticated attack on the bank’s foreign exchange reserves, attempting to steal hundreds of millions of dollars.

Incident Details:

SWIFT  Transactions:  The  attackers  used  the  Society  for  Worldwide  Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) network to initiate fraudulent fund transfers. They sent  multiple payment  requests  to  the Federal  Reserve Bank  of  New York, requesting the transfer of approximately $951 million from Bangladesh Bank’s account to various accounts in the Philippines and Sri Lanka.

Authentication Bypass: The cybercriminals managed to compromise the bank’s SWIFT terminal and gain access to the SWIFT system using stolen credentials. They were able to manipulate SWIFT messages to make the transactions appear legitimate.

Errors Detected: A few of the fraudulent transfer requests contained spelling errors that raised suspicions at the Federal Reserve Bank. This prompted further scrutiny. Prevented  Losses:  While  the  attackers  successfully  transferred  $81  million  to  the Philippines, an alert official at the Federal Reserve Bank noticed the spelling errors in subsequent transfer requests. This raised suspicions and led to the cancellation of several transactions, preventing further losses.

Investigation: After the attack was discovered, Bangladesh Bank launched an investigation and sought assistance from law enforcement agencies and cybersecurity experts.

 

Consequences:

Bangladesh Bank lost approximately $81 million in the successful transactions.

The incident raised concerns about the security of the global financial system and the vulnerabilities in SWIFT’s infrastructure.

It also highlighted the importance of cybersecurity for financial institutions worldwide. Attribution:

While the cybercriminals responsible for the Bangladesh Bank heist were never conclusively identified, there have been suspicions that North Korean hackers, specifically the Lazarus Group, were involved due to similarities with other attacks attributed to them.

 

1. In the Bangladesh Bank Cyber Heist case, what were the key vulnerabilities and security lapses that allowed the cybercriminals to compromise the bank’s systems and attempt a fraudulent transfer of funds? Provide specific examples from the case to support your answer. (5 Marks)

Ans 3a.

Introduction

The Bangladesh Bank Cyber Heist of 2016 stands as a stark reminder of the vulnerabilities that even major financial institutions can face in the realm of cybersecurity. The incident underscores the importance of robust security measures, especially when dealing with global financial systems. The attackers exploited a combination of technical vulnerabilities and operational lapses to attempt one of the largest bank heists in history. This case serves as a

1. Discuss the role of international cooperation and information sharing in responding to cyber attacks on financial institutions, as illustrated by the Bangladesh Bank Cyber  Heist.  What lessons  can  be drawn from  this  case regarding the importance of cross-border cooperation in cybersecurity?  (5 Marks)

Ans 3b.

Introduction

The digital age has ushered in an era where cyber threats transcend national borders, making international cooperation and information sharing paramount. The Bangladesh Bank Cyber Heist serves as a prime example of how cyber attacks on financial institutions can have global ramifications. In such a landscape, a siloed approach to cybersecurity is inadequate. Instead, a