Brand Management
December 2023 Examination
Case:
Bella, a passionate plant lover, is embarking on a new venture that celebrates the beauty and tranquility of nature. Her start-up, “Bella’s Botanical Haven,” will offer a wide range of indoor and outdoor plants, along with expert gardening advice, workshops, and an online plant care community. Bella aims to create a haven where plant enthusiasts can thrive, connect, and cultivate their green thumb.
Bella has planned the following for her business:
Interactive Plant Care App:
Bella’s Botanical Haven will feature an interactive mobile app that allows users to identify plants, receive personalized care instructions, and track their plant growth over time. Virtual
Garden Design Studio:
The platform will offer a virtual garden design tool that helps users plan and visualize their dream gardens, complete with plant recommendations and layout options.
Plant Subscription Boxes:
Bella’s Botanical Haven will introduce subscription-based plant boxes, where users receive a curated selection of plants, plant care essentials, and gardening accessories delivered to their doorstep regularly.
Sustainable Practices:
The brand will emphasize on eco-friendly and sustainable gardening practices, promoting the use of organic fertilizers, composting, and reducing plastic waste in plant care.
Botanical Events and Workshops:
Regular botanical events, workshops, and guided garden tours will be organized to bring together plant enthusiasts, share knowledge, and foster a sense of community.
- You have been selected as a brand in charge of the business and you have been given a task to work on brand elements including brand name. Bella has an open mindset for changing the name if that works for the business. Explain and elaborate on various types of Brand elements that you will suggest for the business. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the captivating world of plants, Bella’s foray into “Bella’s Botanical Haven” is not just another retail venture; it’s a sanctuary that bridges the innate human need to connect with nature. The vibrancy of greens, the rhythmic pattern of growth, and the tangible benefits of tending to plants bring profound emotional and environmental advantages. To ensure this venture captures its target audience’s heart and becomes the go-to hub for plant enthusiasts, the brand elements must be meticulously crafted. These elements, extending beyond just a brand name, are the vital DNA strands that communicate the brand’s essence, value, and
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- Explain various ways through which you will leverage secondary brand association for the business. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Secondary brand association, in the realm of branding, is the strategic harnessing of external sources to shape perceptions and enhance the brand equity of a business. In the context of “Bella’s Botanical Haven,” or its envisioned rebranding, this concept can play an instrumental role. While the primary brand elements lay the foundational tone, it’s the secondary associations that amplify, solidify, and diversify the brand’s image. Through secondary brand associations, Bella’s venture can tap into established trust, recognition, and values of other
- As a brand in charge of the business, explain your concepts on branding with example to Bella:
- What are the various things that can be branded, explain with special reference to business. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Branding, at its core, is about creating a distinctive and lasting impression. It’s a promise to consumers about the experience they can expect. While most associate branding primarily with products, the scope of branding is expansive. For Bella’s Botanical Haven, understanding the breadth of branding possibilities can significantly elevate her venture’s
- What are the major brand challenges in contemporary times? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of contemporary business, brands are not just competing for market share but for mindshare. The accelerating pace of technological advancements, shifting consumer behaviors, and an ever-evolving global milieu have together shaped a set of distinct challenges brands must navigate. These challenges underscore the need for brands to be
Capital Market & Portfolio Management
1) Net income = ₹3, 00,000/- preferred dividend = ₹30,000/- during the year. In addition it also had ₹30, 00,000 total shares outstanding during the year and ₹5, 00,000/- preferred stock. Calculate ROE of the organization.
Ans :
Introduction
Return on equity (ROE) is a critical financial metric that assesses a company’s profitability and efficiency in producing income for its shareholders. It measures the go-back generated on shareholders’ equity invested within the business. For buyers and analysts, ROE is a critical indicator of an organization’s overall economic performance and is frequently used to evaluate its overall fitness and attractiveness as an investment.
Understanding ROE entails analyzing the net income because of common shareholders concerning the equity to be had to the one’s shareholders. It answers the fundamental question: “How successfully is a company utilizing its equity to generate profits?”
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2) Your collogue is interested to invest in derivative market. But he doesn’t have a good knowledge about it. He wants some information about different types of derivatives. Explain him different types of derivatives.
Ans :
Introduction
Derivatives are financial devices whose value is derived from the value of an underlying asset, index, or charge. They are essential in modern finance, allowing investors to manage risk, speculate on fee movements, and decorate investment returns. Derivatives have gained tremendous popularity in financial markets due to their versatility and ability to cater to various threat management strategies.
In essence, derivatives function contracts between parties, the client (long position) and the seller (short work), and their price is related to the anticipated future fee movements of the
3) a) Your friend wanted to invest in stock market. But he is confused how much amount to invest in different stocks. With the help of sharpe ratio, help your friend to prepare optimum portfolio.
| Stock | Sharpe Ratio |
| S1 | 1.5 |
| S2 | 2 |
| S3 | 2.5 |
| Total | 6 |
Ans ;
Introduction to the Sharpe Ratio:
The Sharpe Ratio is a widely used measure in finance to assess the chance-adjusted go-back of a funding or portfolio. It was advanced by way of Nobel laureate William F. Sharpe. The ratio helps traders examine the trade-off between threats and go back and make informed
- b) If you have Rs.10, 000/- & decides to invest 40% in mutual fund and rest in shares. Expected return from mutual fund is 8% & from shares is 12%. How will you calculate total expected return?
Ans :
Introduction:
Investing is a crucial factor in financial planning and wealth creation. It involves allocating funds in various financial contraptions to generate ability returns. One common approach is diversifying investments in mutual budgets and shares. This approach allows for publicity to both marketplace diversity and potential growth. In this scenario, we have Rs. 10,000 to invest, with 40% allotted to the mutual price range and the relaxation of shares. We can
Cloud Computing
December 2023 Examination
Q 1. You are invited by the Government of Djibouti to advise on deployment of cloud for their e-governance services. The Government is very keen to reduce the total cost of ownership and increase scalability of its e-governance infrastructure. As such, it is evaluating the use of cloud and the right choice for the deployment model. You have been asked to provide a brief report explaining pros and cons of each cloud deployment model for e-governance systems in Djibouti. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Cloud computing has revolutionized the way organizations manage and access their IT resources. For nations like Djibouti, which are on the cusp of digital transformation, the adoption of cloud technologies, especially for e-governance systems, can be a game-changer. E-governance, the use of digital tools and systems to provide public services, is pivotal for enhancing transparency, efficiency, and citizen engagement. As Djibouti seeks to bolster its e-governance infrastructure, cloud computing emerges as a viable solution, offering scalability, flexibility, and potential cost savings. However, the journey to the cloud is not
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Q 2. EZLearn Technologies is a startup being incubated at IIT Powai. It offers K12 e- Tutoring via cloud. Being a startup, it is unable to afford its own data center. Rather it is evaluating commercially available technology platforms for cloud computing. Specifically, it is evaluating (a) whether to opt for IaaS or PaaS, and (b) AWS, GCP or Azure. You are invited to provide a comparison of these choices and recommend the most suitable combination for them. You may get more details by visiting the web site of these firms or you can make your own assumptions. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Cloud computing has revolutionized the way businesses operate, offering scalable, flexible, and cost-effective solutions to meet the ever-evolving technological demands. Startups, in particular, have greatly benefited from this paradigm shift, as it allows them to access high-end computing resources without the hefty upfront costs of establishing their own data centers. EZLearn Technologies, a budding startup incubated at IIT Powai, stands at the crossroads of making a pivotal decision regarding its technological infrastructure. As they venture into the realm of K12 e-Tutoring via the cloud, the choice between Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS), as well as the selection of a cloud provider,
Q 3. The Top Management of Dream Home Estates is meeting to discuss their plan for a New CRM Solution. Both the CIO, Mr. Unni and the CFO, Mr. Mishra are of the strong opinion that the company should implement a Custom On-Premise CRM solution to be developed by the company’s regular IT Partner. On the other hand, both, Mr Das, Head of Sales and Ms Dutt, CFO are keen to move to a cloud Cloud-based SaaS CRM solution. The debate is getting heated as Ms Dutt also recalled past IT system implementation failures.
- What arguments can Mr. Unni make in favor of in-house CRM implementation? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems play a pivotal role in modern businesses, streamlining sales, marketing, and customer service operations. The decision between an on-premise CRM solution and a cloud-based SaaS CRM is crucial, with both options offering distinct advantages. Mr. Unni, the CIO of Dream Home Estates, advocates for an in-house CRM implementation. His perspective, rooted in the technical and strategic
- What arguments can Mr Das make in favor of a Cloud-based SaaS CRM solution? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In today’s fast-paced digital landscape, businesses are constantly seeking solutions that offer agility, scalability, and efficiency. Cloud-based Software as a Service (SaaS) CRM systems have emerged as a popular choice for many organizations, providing a host of benefits that traditional on-premise solutions might not offer. Mr. Das, the Head of Sales at Dream Home
Commercial Banking System & Role of RBI
December 2023 Examination
1) Independence of Central Bank is very crucial for impartial functioning and fair play in the economy. Any closeness of Central Bank to Ministry of Finance will not be fair and it will be viewed as baby of the government and will be looked with suspicion. Do you agree or disagree with the above statement and what is your stand?
Ans:
Introduction
A central bank’s Independence broadly appeared as a fundamental element for ensuring impartial economic functioning and truthful play inside an economic system. Crucial financial institution independence refers to the diploma of autonomy a principal bank possesses in its choice-making and operational sports, unfastened from undue influence from the authorities or different external entities. This autonomy is crucial in maintaining economic stability, controlling inflation, managing monetary policy, and selling long-term sustainable growth. The connection between the significant bank and the Ministry of Finance
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2) RBI has different parameters for evaluating the performance of bank. These criteria emanates from different roles played by commercial banks. Explain the different parameters on which banks are rated on scale of 1 to 5. Here 5 is rated as unsatisfactory/poorly performing bank, while 1 rating is deemed as a well run bank.
Ans :
Introduction
Comparing a bank’s performance is essential for regulatory bodies, such as the Reserve Financial Institution of India (RBI), to ensure balance, growth, and adherence to regulatory norms within the banking sector. These evaluations are essential for retaining a sturdy financial machine that fosters economic development. The RBI, the apex monetary authority in India, has devised a complete framework related to various parameters to evaluate the performance of banks. This evaluation proposes to check banks’ performance, economic health, risk control, and essential effectiveness. The rating scale tiers from 1 to five, where 5 signifies an unsatisfactory or poorly appearing bank, and 1 represents a nicely run, efficiently
3) Today most of the banks are focusing on recovery of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs). A large chunk of bank’s money is locked in these assets. Major defaulters are intentional who plan to defraud the bank and run away. The other types of defaulters are those, who because of circumstances or due to some inability are unable to repay the bank loans. Banks have to make huge provisions for NPAs, which reduce the profitability of the banks. However, new legislations have been passed expediting recovery process but more needs to be done. In light of above statements:
- a) Write the major steps taken for recovery since last 10 years
Ans:
Introduction:
The issue of Non-performing assets (NPAs) has been a significant concern for the Indian banking quarter, impacting banks’ financial fitness and profitability. NPAs are loans or advances that have stopped generating income for the lender because of default repayment. Over the last decade, India’s banking area has witnessed a growing emphasis on NPA recovery because of its increasing magnitude of NPAs and adverse effects on the economy.
- b) How do you differentiate between intentional defaulters and ability defaulters, and the view of RBI on these two category of defaulters?
Ans:
Introduction
Non-performing assets (NPAs) have been complex for banks and financial institutions worldwide. In India, this issue has gained significant attention due to its impact on the stability and profitability of the banking area. NPAs check with loans or advances that have stopped generating income for a bank because of non-compensation or default by borrowers. Inside the realm of NPAs, there are distinct classes of defaulters: intentional defaulters and
Compensation & Benefits
December 2023 Examination
Q1) ABC Metallurgicals Pvt Ltd is a medium scale manufacturer engaged in producing castings (big, medium & small) for the auto industry. It proposes to set-up a new plant in the vicinity of Pune, Maharashtra and their MD has approached you to design their Compensation structure. Explain briefly how you would proceed from the principles. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Compensation design is an integral aspect of an organization’s human resource strategy, directly influencing its ability to attract, retain, and motivate employees. For a medium-scale manufacturer like ABC Metallurgicals Pvt Ltd, which is on the verge of expanding its operations with a new plant in Pune, the compensation structure must reflect both the competitive landscape of the metallurgical and auto industry and the local economic dynamics. To create a robust compensation framework for the company, it is essential to understand the company’s overarching goals, the industry benchmark, the characteristics of
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Top of Form
Q2) The M.D of a big hospital has approached you to solve the problem of manpower attrition. It seems that good people are being recruited but they are leaving after two or three years which is not only hampering service to patients but is also affecting the hospital’s reputation. He wants you to study the situation and recommend appropriate strategies. What will your strategy be to improve the situation in the hospital? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
High rates of attrition, especially within medical institutions, are more than just a challenge; they represent a substantial threat to the quality of healthcare provided and the institution’s reputation. When the best of talent leaves after a short duration, it’s indicative of deep-rooted systemic issues, often transcending mere monetary concerns. Attrition can be the outcome of various factors, ranging from the workplace environment, compensation, work-life balance, professional growth opportunities, to the organizational culture. Addressing this problem
Q3) Get-well hospitals is a reputed chain of hospitals in the southern part of the country and recently they have decided to open a branch in a city in Western India. As a first step they had advertised for the position of “Staff Nurses” with nursing qualification and adequate experience. From the numerous applicants they selected fifteen ladies from diverse background, w.r.t age, qualification, experience, attitude, physical fitness & communication skill.
Q3a) The “Administrator” of that hospital wants you to design an appropriate scheme so that they can rank these ladies (from best to last) and give them the compensation befitting their worth to the orgn. Discuss the “scheme” that you would design to assess these ladies. Their requisite Job Description & Job Specification is given below. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Determining compensation for employees based on their value to the organization demands a strategic approach, particularly in the sensitive and critical domain of healthcare. Given the diversity in the profiles of the fifteen staff nurses in terms of age, qualification, experience, attitude, physical fitness, and communication skills, it’s essential to establish a scheme that
Q3b) You are requested to suggest how the selected persons can be compensated. (5 marks)
Job Description
- i) Monitor and record vital health parameters of indoor patients & communicate to attending doctor in case of any abnormalities
- ii) Provide proper medication to individual patients as per doctor’s advice
iii) Accompanying Resident Doctor/Specialist on rounds and act on their advice
- iv) Maintain patient hygiene as well as in the hospital ward by directing cleaning staff
- v) Maintain liaison with Dietician regarding food for individual patients
- vi) Maintain liaison with Lab for doctor prescribed tests and place report to doctor
vii) Be kind to patients, especially while dealing with elderly ones
viii)Be always cautious to identify any life-threatening deterioration in patient’s health
Job Qualification
- i) Must have appropriate “Nursing” qualifications & at least seven years of ward experience out of which three years should be in a big hospital.
- ii) Must be physically fit & quite agile to give effective care to each patient
iii) Must be able to communicate in local language, English and preferably Hindi
- iv) Must have good knowledge about what emergency medicine to use in which situation.
- v) Should be having good behaviour & capable of providing emotional support
- vi) Should be having technical competence to computerize all medical records
vii) Should be able to handle specialised medical equipment like ventilator, PAP
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Staff nurses are pivotal to the seamless functioning of a hospital, playing a role that is both clinically essential and emotionally supportive for patients. Given the diverse background of the nurses selected by Get-well hospitals, a comprehensive compensation package should reflect not just their educational qualifications and experience, but also their multi-faceted
Consumer Behaviour
December 2023 Examination
Q1. A study in 2021 by People Research on India’s Consumer Economy (PRICE) in partnership with the National Payments Corporation of India on Digital Payments has estimated that around 61% of Indian households will be doing digital payments by 2025 if the enabling environment for that is created. The break-up of the households across 3 broad income groups viz. Rich, Middle Class and Poor for digital payments is as under:
| Class | No. of Households in
Millions expected to do
Digital Payments by 2025 |
% Share |
| Rich | 36.0 | 23.6% |
| Middle Class | 61.0 | 40.2% |
| Poor | 55.0 | 36.2% |
| Total | 152.0 | 100.0% |
It is obvious that the Poor Class is going to be much bigger in Digital Payments compared to the Rich and almost similar in share compared to the Middle Class, though their average ticket size is going to be smaller. It is also clear that in order the realise the potential number of 55 million Households the poor will need the highest support and hand-holding
From a consumer buying perspective what are the things think the Government Authorities along with banks and financial institutions do to enable a faster adoption of Digital Payments across the poorer and economically backward sections of the society. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
India stands at the cusp of a digital revolution, as revealed by the 2021 study by People Research on India’s Consumer Economy (PRICE) in association with the National Payments Corporation of India. As the wave of digitalization sweeps over the subcontinent, it brings forth a unique challenge and opportunity – integrating the economically backward sections into the digital payments ecosystem. The study indicated that by 2025, 55 million households from the ‘poor’ category might become active participants in digital transactions, a number almost paralleling the middle class and surpassing the rich. However, this transformation isn’t
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Q2. Age has 2 broad categories – chronological age and Subjective Age which is different from chronological age. Subjective Age has 4 dimensions. Analyse how the 4 dimensions of Age will impact the purchase choices for consumers buying cosmetics and ready-to-wear clothes. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Age, as a determinant of human behavior, goes far beyond the number of years a person has lived. While chronological age is a straightforward measure of how long someone has been alive, it is not always an accurate predictor of attitudes, behavior, or preferences. This is where subjective age comes into play. Subjective age can be defined as how a person feels, perceives, or would like to be in age, rather than their actual chronological age. This discrepancy between chronological and subjective age can significantly influence consumer
Q3. Answer the following
- a) A company in USA has developed a Gluten Meter which is device that measure the gluten content in the food a consumer wants to consume. Gluten is a group of proteins found in wheat, barley, rye, and their derivatives. It’s what gives dough its elasticity and helps baked goods maintain their shape. While gluten is responsible for the desirable texture of many baked products, it can aggravate diabetes and obesity. Since India has the highest number of diabetics in the world this American wants to understand the attitude of people towards Gluten and Gluten Meters. How will they be able to understand the attitude of the consumer to this. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The dynamics of global health are shifting rapidly, with diabetes becoming a paramount concern, especially in countries like India which houses the world’s largest diabetic population. Amidst this backdrop, a novel Gluten Meter has emerged from the USA, aimed at measuring gluten content in food items. Gluten, though essential for elasticity in dough, has been linked to exacerbating conditions like diabetes and obesity. For a US-based company,
- b) How will you use hemispheric laterization to influence consumers to buy a particular brand of a lifestyle home theatre system like Bose.
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Hemispheric lateralization, a fascinating aspect of the human brain, refers to the division of functions between the brain’s left and right hemispheres. While the left hemisphere is often associated with logical, analytical, and sequential tasks, the right hemisphere is linked with creativity, intuition, and emotional processing. In the realm of consumer behavior and
Corporate Finance
December 2023 Examination
1) Calculate the WACC for M/s Antara Limited with the following information:(10 marks)
| Capital Structure | BV |
| Share Capital | 50,00,000 |
| Retained Earnings | 2,50,000 |
| Debentures | 15,00,000 |
| Bank Loan | 2,00,000 |
Share price of M/s Antara Limited at the beginning of the year was Rs. 50 and end of the year was Rs. 55 per share. Dividend declared was Rs. 5. Beta of the Company was pegged at 0.6. M/s Antara had floated its Debentures at 8% fixed interest for 5 years. The bank had extended a loan on floating rate basis. Interest paid during the year was Rs. 10000. Government securities are earning a return of 4% currently.
Ans 1.
Introduction
The (WACC) weighted average cost of capital can be defined as the average rate of Return an organization is expected to pay to all its stockholders, including debt holders, equity shareholders, and preferred equity shareholders. WACC Formula = [Cost of Equity * % of Equity] + [Cost of Debt * % of Debt * (1-Tax Rate)]
WACC is beneficial if we can deal with the above limitations. It is exhaustively used to find the DCF valuation of the company. However, WACC is complex and needs a financial
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- Calculate the Gross and the Net Operating Cycle for Vishal & Co. Ltd. using thefollowing information. (Assume 360 days in a year). (10 marks)
| Amt. in Rs. | |
| Opening Balances | |
| Raw Material | 200,000 |
| WIP | 60,000 |
| Finished Goods | 600,000 |
| Debtors | 250,000 |
| Creditors | 550,000 |
| Closing Balances | |
| Raw Material | 300,000 |
| WIP | 65,000 |
| Finished Goods | 725,000 |
| Debtors | 215,000 |
| Creditors | 575,000 |
| Annual Purchase of Raw Material | 3,200,000 |
| Manufacturing Expenses | 550,000 |
| Selling & Distribution Costs | 300,000 |
| Sales | 4,480,000 |
Ans 2.
Introduction
An operating cycle can be defined as the time it takes a company to buy goods, sell them, and receive cash from the sale of said merchandise. In different phrases, it’s how long an enterprise turns its inventories into difficult cash.
The length of a running cycle is linked to the sector or enterprise. Information on a company’s operating cycle can assist in deciding its financial health by giving it a concept of whether or not it’ll be capable of repaying any liabilities.
For instance, a business with a quick operating cycle will get hold of charge at a regular rate.
3) a) What should be the amount to be invested:
- i) To receive Rs. 2,00,000 per annum in perpetuity at an interest rate of 8%.
- ii) In addition to conditions of point (i) above, if a growth rate of 3% is expected everyyear.
To receive Rs. 4,00,000 per annum in perpetuity at an interest rate of 5%. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
An investment is an item gathered to generate reputation or income. In an economic outlook, an investment can be defined as acquiring products not eaten up nowadays but used in the future to generate wealth. Funding is a financial asset sold with the idea that the acquisition will offer further income or will later be sold at a better price for a
3b) Calculate the current ratio and Acid Test Ratio with the following information (5 marks)
| Debtors | 500,000 |
| Cash and Bank | 200,000 |
| Inventory | 400,000 |
| Trade Payables | 150,000 |
| Bank OD | 50,000 |
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The current ratio, also known as the WCR, measures the capability of a company to fulfill its quick-term duties, which can be due within 12 months. The ratio considers the weight of total cutting-edge assets versus total current liabilities. It suggests a company’s financial health and how it can maximize the liquidity of its modern property to settle debt and payables. The present ratio formulation (beneath) can easily degree a company’s
Cost & Management Accounting
December 2023 Examination
Q1. The following details have been extracted from Sam Ltd.’s books of accounts for the year ending March 31, 2023. The manager of the company is shared and divides his time between the factory and the office in the ratio of 20:80. You are required to compute: (a) prime cost, (b) factory overhead, (c) factory cost, (d) over head and (e) cost of sale.
(10 Marks)
| Stock of Materials: Opening | 2,82,000.00 |
| Stock of Materials: Closing | 3,00,000.00 |
| Materials Purchased during the year | 12,48,000.00 |
| Direct Wages | 3,57,600.00 |
| Indirect Wages | 24,000.00 |
| Salaries for Administrative Staff | 60,000.00 |
| Freights: Inwards | 48,000.00 |
| Freights: Outwards | 30,000.00 |
| Cash Discount Allowed | 21,000.00 |
| Bad Debts W/Off | 28,200.00 |
| Repairs to Plant and Machinery | 63,600.00 |
| Rent, Rates and Taxes of Factory | 18,000.00 |
| Rent, Rates and Taxes of Office | 9,600.00 |
| Travelling Expenses | 18,600.00 |
| Salesmen’s salaries and commission | 50,400.00 |
| Depreciation W/Off: Plant and Machinery | 42,600.00 |
| Depreciation W/Off: Furniture | 3,600.00 |
| Director’s fees | 36,000.00 |
| Electricity Charges: Factory | 72,000.00 |
| Fuel Charges: Boiler | 96,000.00 |
| General Charges | 37,200.00 |
| Manager’s Salary | 72,000.00 |
Ans 1.
Introduction
Prime costs are a company’s charges directly related to the materials and labour used in production. It consists of a manufactured product’s costs, computed to ensure the best profit margin for an organization. The prime cost calculates the direct price of raw materials and labour involved in producing a good. Direct charges do not include indirect charges, including advertising and administrative expenses.
Formula of prime cost
Prime cost=Direct raw materials + Direct labor
- locate the direct raw materials cost total on the company’s balance sheet.
- locate the direct labour cost parent on the company’s balance sheet.
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Q2. You are required to compute the labor turnover using different methods of labor turnover measurement from the following information provided for Manas Ltd. for the month of December 2022.
Total workers in the beginning of the month were 3800, whereas at the end of the month were 4200. During the month, 50 workers left the firm on account of their own problems while 80 workers were discharged. 560 workers were engaged during the month in various departments. But out of them, only 60 were appointed. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Employees can cease affiliation with a corporation for several reasons, including professional growth or activity dissatisfaction. It is ordinary to expect employees to depart after a period. However, excessive frequency can be challenging for companies looking to grow. Understanding the reasons for worker turnover and its dangerous outcomes may help manage the state of affairs and preserve precious employees.
Labour turnover, additionally referred to as worker or staffing turnover, is the frequency with which the employees of an organization depart from their jobs. It may be due to attrition,
Q3. A product sells at Rs. 3 per unit. The company uses a first-in-out actual costing system. A new fixed manufacturing overhead allocation rate is computed each year by dividing the actual fixed manufacturing overhead cost by the actual production. The following data is available for the first two years:
| Year 1 | Year 2 | |
| Sales (Units) | 1500 | 1800 |
| Production (Units) | 2100 | 1500 |
| Cost: | (Rs.) | (Rs.) |
| Variable Manufacturing | 1050 | 750 |
| Fixed Manufacturing | 1050 | 1050 |
| Variable Marketing and Administration | 1500 | 1800 |
| Fixed Marketing and Administration | 600 | 600 |
Prepare Income Statement for each year based on:
- Absorption Costing (5 Marks)
- Variable Costing (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Absorption costing, typically called “complete costing,” is a managerial accounting technique for capturing all charges and charges associated with producing a specific product. All direct and oblique prices, inclusive of natural materials, direct labour, rent, and insurance, are accounted for while using
- b. Variable Costing
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Variable costs are the prices that vary simultaneously to the volume of services or goods produced or consumed.
In simpler terms, they alternate as the production or intake extent changes. For instance, in wealth management, if you decide to buy more shares, the brokerage costs (a variable cost) you pay likely increase proportionally.
Concepts and applications
Let’s prepare an income statement using variable costing:
Income statement
Year 1
| Particulars | ₹ | ₹ |
| Sales revenue | 4500 | |
| Less Cost of goods sold(variable) | 1050 | |
| Fixed | 1050 | 2100 |
| Gross profit | 2400 | |
| Variable marketing and administration | 1500 | |
| 1500 |
Custom Shipping and Insurance
December 2023 Examination
Q1. You are appearing for a written test as a part of the selection process for the post of Export Import Manager in an international organization. You need to answer the following question based on the Customs Act 1962:
Question: List 5 points under the title “Confiscation of improperly imported goods” (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Customs Act of 1962 stands as a seminal piece of legislation in India, governing all matters related to customs and providing a framework for regulating imports, exports, and duties. Established with the dual purpose of facilitating legitimate trade and curbing illegal imports and exports, the Act plays a pivotal role in India’s international trade regime. A fundamental tenet of the Act is the authority vested in it to address the issue of improperly imported goods. Such authority ensures that imported goods meet the prescribed standards, criteria, and legalities of the country, thereby protecting the interests of domestic industries, ensuring the safety of consumers, and preserving the economic interests of the nation. The provision concerning the “Confiscation
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Q2. You are heading EXIM dept in an organization. In one of the Management meeting Finance Director requests you to explain the various types of bills of entry for his academic interest. Give a write up on all bills of entry that are in use. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the realm of international trade, the documentation is the vital thread that stitches together all stakeholders, from regulators to businesses. Among these, the “Bill of Entry” stands as a pivotal document, acting as a declaration regarding the goods imported into a country. Presented at the customs clearance, this document becomes the foundational basis on which the customs duty is calculated and subsequently levied. Moreover, its different types cater to diverse scenarios, ensuring the smooth operation of EXIM activities. Understanding these variants becomes crucial not only for the effective management of import procedures but also to ensure compliance and fiscal discipline. To provide an in-depth understanding, this discussion will delve into the various
Q3. You are attending a webinar on Customs clearance of export goods. The webinar conductor asks you the following questions
- a) What is shipping bill and where it is used? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The realm of international trade is guided by a suite of documents that ensure the smooth and compliant movement of goods across borders. Among these, the “Shipping Bill” stands out as a cornerstone document for exports. As we delve into the nuances of customs clearance of export goods, understanding the role, significance, and application of the shipping bill becomes
- b) How many types of shipping bills are in use and explain them (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Shipping bills, pivotal in the export ecosystem, aren’t just monolithic documents. There are different types, each designed for a particular category of exports or circumstances. Their variety ensures that the specifics of an export consignment align with the regulatory and fiscal expectations of the customs department. To understand the anatomy of the export process fully,
Customer Relationship Management
December 2023 Examination
Q1. Raghav has started his business and is doing it successfully for quite some time. However, the business has been undergoing a tough competition in the last couple of years and he is planning to start CRM practices for his organization. As a consultant what would you advise him regarding the advantages, disadvantages of CRM. What will you advise him on the prospects of CRM? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The business landscape is constantly evolving, and staying ahead in the market often requires a proactive approach. For businesses like Raghav’s that have witnessed success but are now facing intensified competition, strategic shifts can make a significant difference. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is one such pivotal strategy that many organizations have integrated into their operations. CRM is not just a software solution; it’s an intricate approach to understanding, managing, and nurturing relationships with customers. In the current business environment, where customer loyalty is paramount, the potential benefits of
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Q2. Your company manufactures LED bulbs for sales both in B2B and B2C markets. However, to build relationships you feel there is a strong need to partner with major customers. Your consultant friend has explained to you about the concept of reciprocation. How would you use the concept of reciprocation to build a strong relationship with your customers? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In today’s ever-competitive market landscape, the success of a business does not merely hinge on the product’s quality or the company’s marketing strategies but increasingly on the depth and quality of its relationships with key stakeholders, especially its customers. For a company that manufactures LED bulbs catering to both B2B and B2C segments, this relational aspect is crucial. Traditionally, businesses relied on financial incentives or discounts to foster loyalty. However, such approaches are often short-lived and can be easily replicated by competitors. To cultivate a sustainable and meaningful relationship with customers, it’s
Top of Form
Q3. As a Chief Technological Officer, you are about to implement, a CRM solution in your organisation? How will you:
- Build a strong database of your customers? Modify and update it as necessary? What will be your sources of data? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In an age where data drives decision-making, establishing a robust and accurate Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system is paramount for any organization. As the Chief Technological Officer, overseeing the implementation of a CRM solution necessitates not just technological foresight but also a deep understanding of the data that fuels it. Central to this
- How will you build a CRM roadmap for your technological implementation? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is an indispensable tool for modern businesses, offering a unified platform to streamline customer interactions, sales, marketing, and service. As a Chief Technological Officer, implementing a CRM solution is not merely about introducing a new software but reshaping the very dynamics of customer engagement and internal processes. A well-charted CRM roadmap is thus vital to ensure smooth
Digital Marketing
December 2023 Examination
Ms. Sophia envisions establishing an innovative app called “Jewels4All” dedicated to offering a wide range of jewelry pieces. Jewels4All will act as a comprehensive aggregator platform for jewelry vendors, both established brands and independent artisans, to showcase and sell their products. The app will also feature a collection of exquisite jewelry designed and manufactured in-house. The app’s unique selling proposition (USP) will be providing customers access to high-quality jewelry at competitive prices, enabled by bulk purchasing and a robust digital marketing strategy.
The company plans to exclusively focus on digital marketing, forgoing traditional media channels.
- How will you promote Jewels4All on the online platforms? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the age of digital transformation, the evolution of consumer buying habits has undergone a significant shift. As people increasingly gravitate towards online platforms for their shopping needs, businesses too are redefining their marketing strategies to be in sync with this new digital era. Enter Jewels4All, a pioneering app destined to change the landscape of the jewelry industry. By offering a multitude of choices from various vendors and its line of exclusive jewelry pieces, Jewels4All positions itself as a one-stop-shop for jewelry enthusiasts. The app’s strategy to solely harness the power of digital marketing not only
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- Assume you plan to launch a campaign to promote the Jewels4All where the main objective is to create brand awareness for the masses. The campaign will be done at the national level with a very high budget. Explain the seven stages for setting up a marketing campaign for the brand Jewels4All.
Ans 2.
Introduction
The digital age has brought about a paradigm shift in how businesses approach their target audience. With the rise of the internet and mobile technology, traditional marketing channels, such as television, radio, and print media, have been increasingly overshadowed by their digital counterparts. In this backdrop, Ms. Sophia’s visionary idea of launching the “Jewels4All” app stands as a testament to modern entrepreneurial foresight. The app, poised as a hub for diverse jewelry brands and artisans, aims to bridge the gap between quality and affordability, providing jewelry aficionados a singular platform to explore and purchase a
3a. Explain the key activities involved in the campaign set up for the Brand Jewels4All. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Launching a brand like Jewels4All in the bustling digital market, especially one that converges various jewelry vendors, demands a methodical approach. To create a ripple in the vast ocean of digital brands, the campaign must be both innovative and strategic. As Jewels4All gears up for its big debut, the initial stages of campaign setup become the linchpin
3b. What are the key activities involved in monitoring the campaign for Jewels4All? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Digital marketing, while immensely powerful, requires rigorous scrutiny to ensure its effectiveness. As the Jewels4All campaign takes flight, monitoring its progress becomes vital. It’s not just about tracking numbers, but discerning the narrative these numbers tell about the brand’s reception, user engagement, and overall campaign efficacy. With myriad tools and
E-Business
December 2023 Examination
Q.1) Suppose you’ve been hired as a digital marketing consultant for a promising startup in the online gaming industry. After conducting an initial survey, you discovered that the company relies on traditional tools and methods for its online operations. To boost their business productivity, you plan to meet with the management and present various online marketing strategies and tools commonly employed by successful e-businesses. What types of online marketing tools and strategies would you recommend for promoting the company’s operations in India? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
India, with its diverse populace and rapidly growing internet penetration, offers an enormous potential for online gaming startups. Yet, tapping into this vast market demands more than just an innovative product; it requires an effective online marketing strategy. Traditional tools and methods might have served businesses well in the past, but in this digital age, especially in a tech-forward sector like online gaming, they might not suffice. The landscape of digital marketing in India is vibrant and multifaceted, influenced by local culture, consumer behavior, and technological advancements. As the gaming industry is inherently
Q.2) As the proprietor of a popular cloud kitchen brand, you are currently exploring various revenue models to diversify and boost your streams of income. Explain the different types of revenue models applicable to e-businesses. Additionally, identify which revenue models are most suitable for the popular cloud kitchen brand. Address the potential challenges associated with each revenue model and how they may influence the success of the cloud kitchen. Furthermore, analyze the influence of technology on these revenue models and discuss how technology can be utilized to optimize the revenue of the cloud kitchen. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The dynamic world of e-businesses offers a plethora of revenue models designed to cater to the diverse needs of digital ventures. The rise of cloud kitchens, which leverage the power of online platforms to sell and distribute food, represents a significant evolution in the foodservice sector. These ventures have transitioned away from traditional brick-and-mortar models, giving proprietors the flexibility to explore a variety of revenue generation mechanisms tailored to the e-business landscape. The choice of an appropriate revenue model is essential as it not only determines the financial success of the enterprise but also
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Q.3) The rapid growth of online shopping for gifts in India has led to the increased significance of providing a seamless and user-friendly experience to customers. A critical aspect of this experience lies in the shopping cart capabilities offered by online gift apps. Provide an overview of the online gift app market in India, highlighting key trends and growth factors by explaining how the market has evolved over the years to meet customer demands and preferences.
- a) Discuss the significance of shopping cart by identifying at least three different types of shopping cart capabilities that online gift apps in India can offer. For each capability, provide a comprehensive explanation and illustrate how it benefits users during the shopping process. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The online gift app market in India has witnessed a transformative evolution, buoyed by the country’s vast digital adoption and cultural emphasis on gifting during numerous festivals and occasions. As consumers progressively turn to online platforms to select the perfect gift, the user experience offered by these platforms becomes paramount. Central to this experience is the shopping cart, which, if optimized, can significantly enhance the shopping
- b) Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each shopping cart capability discussed in Part a. Analyze how these features impact customer satisfaction, app performance, and revenue generation for gift apps by comparing the three shopping cart capabilities in terms of their effectiveness in meeting customer needs and enhancing the overall shopping experience. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The e-commerce landscape in India has witnessed a transformative rise, with the online gift app segment standing out due to its unique demands and offerings. With occasions like festivals, birthdays, anniversaries, and cultural celebrations being central to Indian ethos, the convenience of online gifting has found a massive audience. Key to this transition has been the user experience, with shopping cart capabilities playing a pivotal role. A deeper dive into
Emerging Technologies IoT, augmented Reality, Virtual Reality
December 2023 Examination
- Augmented reality (AR) has emerged as a game-changer in various industries, and the tourism sector is no exception. By seamlessly blending the real world with digital enhancements, AR reshapes how travellers experience new destinations and attractions. Imagine a picturesque coastal town known for its historical landmarks and natural beauty. The local tourism board has adopted AR technology to enhance visitors’ exploration. Travellers with AR-enabled devices can use dedicated apps to uncover hidden historical facts, accessvirtual guides, and even witness historical events overlaid onto their current surroundings. This immersive experience has garnered significant interest among tourists seeking a more interactive and informative journey. Discuss how augmented reality can transform the tourism experience by overlaying digital content onto real-world environments. How does this technology elevate the engagement level of travellers, provide informative insights, and offer a unique perspective on historical landmarks and attractions? When using AR apps, tourists may inadvertently share their real-time location data, preferences, and interactions with the platform. What privacy concerns are associated with collecting and potentially sharing this sensitive information? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Tourism, an industry built upon the allure of new experiences, has always been a fertile ground for the integration of technological advancements. With the dawn of augmented reality (AR), the way we perceive and interact with our surroundings, especially when travelling, is experiencing a paradigm shift. Augmented Reality, a technology that embeds digital information such as videos, graphics, and sounds into the real world, offers travellers an enriched and engaging exploration of their surroundings. In the case of a quaint coastal town rich in history and scenic beauty, the local tourism board’s adoption of AR opens up
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- India’s ambitious Smart Cities Mission aims to transform urban landscapes into technologically advanced and efficient ecosystems by integrating Internet of Things (IoT) solutions. This initiative envisions creating cities that are more sustainable, connected, and responsive to citizens’ needs. As part of the Smart Cities Mission, a metropolitan city in India has embarked on a comprehensive IoT-driven transformation. Various applications of IoT have been deployed to address urban challenges and enhance the quality of life for its citizens. Smart traffic management, waste management, energy efficiency, and public safety solutions are critical aspects of this IoT-driven urban transformation. Describe any three IoT applications that can be incorporated into a smart city context. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The rapid urbanization of the 21st century has brought forth a myriad of challenges, from traffic congestion to energy consumption, waste management, and public safety. To address these challenges and enhance the quality of urban life, India launched the Smart Cities Mission, a visionary initiative aimed at transforming urban landscapes into technologically advanced and efficient ecosystems. Central to this transformation is the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) solutions. IoT, with its interconnected devices and systems, offers a paradigm shift in how cities operate, making them more sustainable, connected, and
- In technology-driven innovation, virtual reality (VR) has transcended beyond gaming and entertainment, finding its niche in unexpected sectors, such as the fitness industry. Virtual reality’s immersive capabilities have revolutionized how people approach exercise, offering dynamic and engaging experiences that redefine traditional workouts. The fitness industry has embraced virtual reality to enhance workout routines and redefine fitness experiences. VR- equipped fitness centres and home setups allow users to engage in interactive, gamified exercises. These range from intense cardio workouts to serene yoga sessions, all within the simulated environment of their choice. VR’s ability to transport users to exotic locations or fantastical landscapes while they burn calories has garnered immense popularity.
- With VR headsets capturing user movements and sometimes even biometric data, what are the privacy concerns associated with collecting, storing, and potentially sharing this sensitive information? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Virtual Reality (VR) has undeniably transformed the fitness landscape, offering immersive experiences that elevate routine workouts to exhilarating adventures. However, with technological advancements come challenges, particularly in the realm of data privacy. As VR headsets capture not just movements but sometimes even intimate biometric data, the question arises: How secure is this information? The collection, storage, and potential sharing
- Discuss the technical hurdles that fitness centres and users might encounter in adopting VR technology. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction (100 words)
The integration of Virtual Reality (VR) into the fitness industry promises a transformative experience, merging the boundaries of physical exertion with digital immersion. However, as with any nascent technology, the adoption of VR in fitness centers and by individual users is not without its challenges. From hardware limitations to software intricacies, several
Enterprise Resource Planning
December 2023 Examination
Question: Read the case study – ‘AuroVision Consulting (AVC) moves Human Resources to the Cloud’ and answer the following questions.
https://adhocfilesngasce.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/academics/1693294861EmzSW.pdf
- Analyze AuroVision Consulting’s problems with its legacy human resources systems. What was the business impact of these problems? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
AuroVision Consulting Corporation (AVC) is an international management and technology consulting firm with a robust global footprint. The growth and diversification of their business model, encompassing both traditional consulting services and turnkey solutions across various sectors, necessitated an agile and responsive human resource system. However, AVC’s existing legacy HR systems posed a significant hurdle. Multiple disparate local HR systems that lacked integration with the main HR system in the U.S. meant that the company was operating without a holistic view of its workforce. The absence of a unified
- Was a cloud-based system appropriate for AuroVision Consulting? Justify your answer by giving suitable explanations. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
In today’s business landscape, the shift to cloud-based systems is becoming increasingly prevalent, particularly for multinational corporations like AuroVision Consulting (AVC). These systems promise enhanced accessibility, improved scalability, and a reduction in overheads. However, the appropriateness of such systems is always contingent upon the specific requirements and challenges a company faces. For AuroVision Consulting, with operations in 18 countries, diverse talent pools, and a sizable workforce, the decision to
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- Keeping the above case as a reference,
- Explain the integration of mobile app with the Oracle HCM ERP (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
The digital revolution has made mobile devices a cornerstone of our daily lives. Their omnipresence and convenience mean that businesses and software providers need to ensure applications and services are accessible and optimized for mobile interfaces. In the context of AuroVision Consulting (AVC) and their adoption of Oracle’s HCM Cloud, the integration of
- Benefits of HCM solution implementation in developing Reporting and Analytics by AVC’s US- based analytics group? Explain using any one use case for the same. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Human Capital Management (HCM) solutions have revolutionized the way organizations manage and optimize their human resources. The story of AuroVision Consulting’s (AVC) transition to the Oracle HCM Cloud emphasizes not just the operational efficiencies of such systems but notably, the potential they offer in advanced reporting and analytics. In the
Export Import Procedures and Documentation
December 2023 Examination
Q1. You are working with a Customs Broker company. One of your clients seeks your advice on whether to import goods on Ex works, FOB basis or CIF basis. They don’t want to opt for any other incoterms. Please explain the three incoterms and advise them suitably. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
International trade involves a maze of procedures, documentation, and decisions, among which choosing the right Incoterm plays a pivotal role. Incoterms, or International Commercial Terms, define the responsibilities, risks, and costs of the buyer and seller in a trade transaction. The choice between Ex works (EXW), Free on Board (FOB), and Cost, Insurance, and Freight (CIF) can significantly impact the logistical, financial, and risk aspects of the transaction. For a business engaging in importing goods, understanding the nuances of these terms is essential to align with their strategic objectives, risk appetite, and logistical capabilities.
When importing goods, the chosen Incoterm becomes the cornerstone determining the
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Q2. Your friend wants to import some interior decoration goods from China for his home i.e. personal purposes. He seeks your guidance on obtaining IEC certificate to import goods for his purpose use. Give a good write up to your friend on this. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The globalization of markets has rendered international trade a commonplace activity, even for individual consumers. Whether it’s a business importing goods for resale or an individual like you, aiming to enrich their home with interior decoration pieces from another country, specific procedures must be adhered to. In India, one of the most pivotal aspects of initiating an import is obtaining the Importer Exporter Code (IEC), a primary requirement for anyone wishing to engage in import or export activities. Even if you’re importing goods for personal use, an understanding of the IEC’s role is crucial. The IEC isn’t just a code; it’s your passport to the
Q3.You have been shortlisted for a job of Export & Import Manager. During an interview you have been asked to give your views on the following questions:
- a) What are the different type of payment terms prevailing in the international market today on imports? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The realm of international trade is riddled with complexities, not the least of which pertains to the payment methods and terms used between buyers and sellers. These payment terms play a pivotal role in balancing the interests of both parties, ensuring that goods are delivered as agreed upon and payments are secured. The chosen payment method can reflect the trust between the
- b) What is your option of payment term for safe transaction and why? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Navigating the intricacies of international trade requires a keen understanding of various payment methods to safeguard the interests of both parties. Each payment term has its merits and demerits, based on the risk appetite, trust level, and operational preferences of the buyer and seller. Given the landscape, one might wonder which payment option can be regarded as the
Financial Institutions and Markets
Dec 2023 Examination
Q1. Mr Raman is one of the director in XYZ ltd company .The company is engaged in hotel sector ,which has recently witnessed a steady downfall in its revenue and value of its assets due to a downward trend persisting in the market. The periodical financial result of the compan were to be declared in the fortnight time. Mr. Raman being an insider, had to access to unpublished price sensitive information related to it. Consequently, he sells the major portion of his holding in an anticipation of fall in the market price of the shares of the company subsequent to announcement of periodical financial result of the company. On conducting a probe, SEBI finds Mr. Raman guilty of insider is trading.
In context to the above case – State the importance of SEBI and its various functions. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) plays a pivotal role in the Indian financial market ecosystem. Established in 1988 and given statutory powers in 1992, SEBI’s primary objective is to protect the interests of investors in securities and promote the development and regulation of the securities market. The case of Mr. Raman, a director at XYZ Ltd., underscores the significance of SEBI’s role in ensuring a level playing field for all market participants. Insider trading, as seen in this scenario, is a malpractice where individuals with access to unpublished price-sensitive information exploit it for personal gains, thereby undermining the
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Q2. Rima buys a financial asset from the RBI. This financial asset is an instrument of short- term borrowing. He has bought it because he doesn’t want to take risk and wants an assured return. This instrument is a promissory note. It is highly liquid. The instrument is also known as zero coupon bonds. On this instrument, it is written T-91 Based on the above case study, Identify the financial asset indicated in the above case .elaborate why this instrument is called as zero coupon bonds and mention what are functions of these instruments and why this is called as T-19? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Financial markets are replete with a variety of instruments that cater to the diverse needs of investors. These instruments range from high-risk, high-return equities to low-risk, fixed-return bonds. The case study introduces us to a financial asset purchased by Rima from the RBI, which is a short-term borrowing instrument. This asset is designed for investors who are risk-averse and seek an assured return on their investment. The instrument, described as a promissory note, is highly liquid and is known as a zero-coupon bond. The nomenclature “T-91” is also associated with this asset. Before delving into the specifics of this financial instrument, it’s
Q3. Nishanth was working in the portfolio management department of Beta Ltd and had new recruits to whom he was supposed to provide training on the risks associated with the financial market as apart from earning returns they should be well aware of the risks that can be managed and which ones cannot be managed in a portfolio. He decided to broadly classify the risks in two categories and explain the different types of risks associated with each one. If you are Nishanth,
- a) Explain different types of risks associated with systematic risk. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of financial markets, risks are as inherent as returns. For every potential gain, there exists an associated risk. Nishanth, with his experience in portfolio management, understands the importance of not just chasing returns but also managing and mitigating risks. To provide a comprehensive understanding to the new recruits, he categorizes risks into two
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- b) Explain different types of risks associated with unsystematic risk. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
While systematic risks are inherent to the entire market, unsystematic risks are unique to specific companies or industries. Often termed as “diversifiable risk,” unsystematic risk arises from factors that are not correlated with market returns. By diversifying investments across various assets or sectors, investors can significantly reduce or even eliminate unsystematic
Fundamentals of Big Data & Business Analytics
December 2023 Examination
- There are various types of business analytics procedures that can be performed on a problem statement. Assume you’re working with a low-cost airline based in India as an analytics advisor. Define and state 3 different use cases of your choice that the airline company could use. Mention briefly about how the different types of business analytics procedures could be used in each of the use cases. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the contemporary age of digitalization, the aviation industry, like many others, stands at the intersection of rapid technological evolution and ever-increasing customer expectations. Low-cost airlines, which primarily focus on reducing operational expenses to offer competitive fares, operate under thin profit margins. This makes the efficient use of data and analytics crucial for success. With the deluge of data, ranging from customer preferences to flight operations, airlines have a vast reservoir of information at their disposal. Business analytics procedures can transform this raw data into actionable insights, optimizing various
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- Alset is a multi-national top end electric vehicle manufacturer and a market leader in providing autonomous driving features. No other car manufacturer in the world is anywhere near Alset in the autonomous driving space. Being at the forefront comes with its challenges.
Alset’s top management heard about its software not being able to differentiate between 2-wheelers, i.e., motorcycles and bicycles. Which caused an erroneous speed estimation of those 2-wheelers and led to some non-fatal accidents. The organization wants to avoid this. For which, it needs a lot of data to train the model. But it’s not storing any data from their cars. Some of the users agreed to share the image/video data from their cars but Alset doesn’t have a data collection or storage or processing methodology in place because all the processing thus far has been on the on-board units (OBUs). To solve this the firm consults and gives you the responsibility to design their pipeline. They don’t have any historical data on any kind of 2-wheelers.
How do you approach this problem holistically using both big data and business analytics concepts? Explain the big data component for storage and processing, and analytics component of approaching this use case and what would you do in each of the stages. Goal is to help company collect, store, process data and better predict and classify between different kinds of 2-wheelers. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving automotive industry, where autonomous vehicles have gained significant traction, the role of data analytics has become increasingly indispensable. Alset, a pioneering force in electric vehicles and autonomous driving, finds itself at a critical juncture. The recent revelation that their autonomous software struggles to distinguish between motorcycles and bicycles underscores the need for a robust big data infrastructure. The implications are more than just technological; they directly impact user safety, brand reputation, and market leadership. At the heart of this challenge lies the need to collect,
- Costco, a high-volume low-cost retailer like D-Mart is planning to start operations in India. Help them and identify 10 locations, which will have high reachability, multi city presence and many more that aid Costco in building a pan India chain in 5-10 years. You are not just helping them identify the top cities but also the localities and the specific area in which they should open.
- Which type of analysis could be used to solve this problem and maximise the outcome for Costco? Explain the data needed to solve this problem. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Costco’s impending entry into India marks a significant shift in the retail landscape of the country. India, with its diverse consumer base and unique regional nuances, demands a strategic and data-driven approach for such a venture. Identifying optimal locations for Costco outlets is crucial to ensure not only immediate profitability but also sustainable growth in the long run. This task necessitates a combination of geospatial, demographic, and
- For the purposes of customer relationship management, Costco is planning to collect data of customers and their purchases to provide better services. Which kind of data storage should they prefer? An on-premises data facility or a cloud data facility? Why? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the age of digital transformation, effective data storage solutions are pivotal for businesses aiming to foster deeper customer relationships and optimize their operations. For Costco, as it embarks on its journey in India, the choice between on-premises data facilities and cloud data facilities is more than just a technical decision. It’s a strategic move, shaping the trajectory of
Indian Foreign Trade
December 2023 Examination
Scenario:
Indian agriculture produce Start-up Company called Bharat Agro Tech (BAT) in collaboration with Israeli agriculture Tech Company having their agreement for Technology transfer with one-time payment for technology transfer.
BAT has 500 acres of land on 30 years lease in Nasik, Maharashtra. They have built in situ fresh agriculture produce Cleaning, Packing Cold store unit. They grow fresh vegetables like Red Onion, Cucumber, Carrot, Beetroot, Moringa, and Green Pepper in 200 acres land and 250 acres they grow fruits like Grapes (All varieties), Papaya and Pomegranate. In the remaining 50 acres they grow different varieties of Roses. They are having all the experts from the field of agriculture and Horticulture from India and Agro technology from Israel. Their agriculture produce is 100% Organic and for that they have certificate also. BAT is 100% export oriented Start-up Company, their focus is on exporting to GCC countries like Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait.
Q1. You can take any one country from above mentioned countries, discuss how you will move forward in finding market profile of identified market. You need to discuss on regulatory requirements of the target market, market survey (secondary) major non-tariff barrier and competition. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The globalization era has brought a surge in trade opportunities for businesses across borders. Bharat Agro Tech (BAT), a promising start-up anchored in India’s fertile lands, has embarked on a mission to tap into the lucrative market of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The amalgamation of organic farming with cutting-edge Israeli agro technology offers BAT a competitive edge. Given the impressive array of products – from vegetables and fruits to exquisite roses – BAT is poised to meet diverse demands. Targeting the GCC, particularly when organic produce is increasingly sought after, seems a strategic move. For this analysis, we will focus on the United Arab Emirates (UAE), a hub of economic activity
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Q2. Please discuss on logistics, which is very important to ensure the product will be shipped on priority by air/sea. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the realm of global trade, particularly for an export-oriented enterprise like Bharat Agro Tech (BAT), logistics doesn’t just play a pivotal role – it often determines the success of the entire venture. Shipping agricultural produce, which includes perishables, demands a seamless, swift, and efficient logistics strategy. The choice between air and sea transportation, along with the inherent intricacies of each mode, significantly influences the freshness and quality of the products upon arrival, and subsequently, the brand’s reputation in foreign markets. Ensuring priority in shipping is not solely about speed but encompasses a gamut of
Q3 a) You need to discuss what are the benefits BAT will get it from the State & Central government keeping in mind it is 100% export oriented start-up company. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Bharat Agro Tech (BAT) is poised to represent India’s prowess in agricultural exports, collaborating with international entities and targeting global markets. Given its stature as a 100% export-oriented start-up, BAT stands to gain numerous benefits from both the State and Central governments. These advantages are designed to bolster export capabilities, ensure competitive standing in international markets, and encourage more enterprises to tread the
- b) What is your suggestion for BAT for marketing of their produce overseas? Do you recommend them to develop a good brand name for their products explain briefly? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Bharat Agro Tech (BAT) stands at the intersection of India’s rich agricultural legacy and advanced agro-technology, offering products that hold immense promise for international markets. To fully realize this potential, strategic marketing is pivotal. One central aspect of this strategy is the creation and promotion of a strong brand identity, which could drastically
Industrial Relations & Labour Laws
December 2023 Examination
Q1. “Industrial dispute” is a dispute between workers and management. Discuss main causes of industrial dispute. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Industrial disputes stand as a testament to the complexities inherent in the dynamic relationship between workers and management. They are disagreements or conflicts that arise in the industrial sector, typically involving workers, their unions, and the management. Rooted in various underlying issues, these disputes can have significant consequences for both the parties involved and the broader economy. The scope and nature of industrial relations have evolved with the changing socio-economic landscape, technological advancements, and globalization. With increasing competition and the drive for efficiency,
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Q2. International labor organization is an important source for labor statistics on employment, educational level, economic performance, and worker participation. Discuss topics of interest for this organization. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The International Labor Organization (ILO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that has played an integral role in shaping labor standards and policies globally since its inception in 1919. Rooted in its vision of promoting social justice and internationally recognized human and labor rights, the ILO has been a crucial player in fostering equitable and sustainable growth in the world of work. One of the fundamental aspects of the ILO’s mission is to provide accurate, timely, and comprehensive labor statistics to its member states
Q3.“Workers’ participation in management” means involvement of representatives of workers in the decision-making process of an organization.
- a) Discuss in what different ways workers can participate in management. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
“Workers’ participation in management” is a progressive concept that emphasizes the inclusion of workers in the decision-making structures of an organization. Rooted in the belief that those who contribute directly to the organization’s success should have a say in its direction and policies, this practice not only strengthens the democratic ethos of an institution
- b) Discuss at what levels workers can participate in management. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Worker participation in management underscores a collaborative approach, ensuring that those who are integral to an organization’s operations have a say in its governance and strategic direction. The depth and extent of this participation can manifest across multiple echelons of the organizational hierarchy. Recognizing the levels at which workers can
International Business
December 2023 Examination
Q1. In our country many products from China dominate our markets and have made production unprofitable for Indian manufacturers. In your opinion should we allow the entry of Chinese products in our country? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The globalization era has ushered in a wave of interconnectedness, where products from one corner of the world can easily find their way to another. One such dominant force in the global market is China, often dubbed as the “world’s factory.” With its vast manufacturing capabilities, China has managed to export a plethora of products worldwide, including India. The influx of Chinese products in the Indian market has been a topic of debate for policymakers, economists, and the general public alike. On one hand, Chinese products, known for their affordability and variety, have found a vast consumer base in India. They cater to a wide range of needs, from electronics to toys, and from home appliances to
Q2. Countries like US have at times stated “America First” as their policy. Do you consider that our country should adopt “India First” policy? In this context, explain how countries can create barriers to promote their own products. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In an era of globalization, where the world is more interconnected than ever, the idea of prioritizing one’s own nation over others has gained traction in various countries. The “America First” policy, as advocated by the U.S., is a prime example of this nationalist approach. It emphasizes the importance of prioritizing national interests, economic self-reliance, and self-sustainability. Similarly, the question arises: Should India adopt an “India First” policy? As the world’s largest democracy with a diverse population and a rapidly growing economy, India stands at a unique crossroads. Balancing its global commitments
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Q3. Read the following case study carefully and then answer the questions that follow:
A BBC anchor remark on India while discussing ISRO’s historic lunar mission – Chandrayaan-3. The anchor asked question to a person who was reporting from India – whether India should really be spending money on a space program the size of Chandrayaan-3 in the wake of poverty in the nation. He claimed much of India’s population lives in poverty and over 700 million Indians don’t have access to a toilet.
An Indian Industrialist tweeted that a large part, our poverty was a result of decades of colonial rule, which systematically plundered the wealth of an entire subcontinent. Yet the most valuable possession we were robbed of was not the Kohinoor Diamond but our pride & belief in our own capabilities.
Ironically India is home to the largest number of hungry people. Around 213 million go hungry and are malnourished people as they do not get proper two meals a day. Food distribution channels are weak and about 10 % of the stored food grains is being wasted and eaten up by rats and birds while human population is deprived of food.
- a) Explain whether India should continue to fund space programs, and do International business in space technology to other countries, or invest in making of Toilets? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
India’s space endeavors, epitomized by the Chandrayaan-3 mission, have often been juxtaposed against the backdrop of its socio-economic challenges. The debate centers around the allocation of resources: should a nation with significant poverty and infrastructural challenges invest in ambitious space programs? This question touches upon the broader
- b) Explain whether India should continue to export food grains to various other countries? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
India, often referred to as the ‘granary of the world’, has been a significant exporter of food grains. While the country boasts of abundant agricultural produce, it simultaneously grapples with issues of hunger, malnutrition, and food wastage. This dichotomy raises a pertinent question: Should India continue exporting food grains to other countries when there are
International Marketing
December 2023 Examination
Q1. Your company is a manufacturer of Incense sticks, also called Agarbatti, from India and are keen on expanding your business globally. Discuss the challenges of marketing your product globally. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The global marketplace offers an array of opportunities for businesses seeking to expand beyond their domestic boundaries. The incense stick, or ‘Agarbatti’ as it is traditionally called in India, is a product with profound cultural and spiritual significance. Originating from the Indian subcontinent, Agarbattis have been an integral part of religious rituals, meditation practices, and even for aroma in households for centuries. As a manufacturer from India, the ambition to take this product globally is both exciting and challenging. The essence of the Agarbatti does not merely lie in its fragrance but also in the cultural connotations it carries.
Q2. The government of India initiative is to encourage local industry and consume as locally as possible, and to use the long-term effects of increased demand to develop domestic industry and gradually become self-sufficient. “Vocal for Local” is a term that is having resonance with countries today to promote Local consumption. In your view is it positive for nations to produce locally and avoid globalization? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In an era of rapid globalization, where interdependencies between countries are celebrated for shared economic prosperity, the emergence of movements such as “Vocal for Local” can be viewed as a contrarian shift. Stemming from the Indian government’s initiative, this slogan emphasizes the significance of endorsing and consuming local goods. The primary objective is to bolster local industries, leading them to self-sufficiency while attenuating dependence on global supply chains. While globalization has brought immense advantages in
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Q3. Read the following case study carefully and then answer the questions that follow: Chinese e-commerce platforms ship these goods ordered by Indians by claiming them to be “gifts” as those under Rs 5,000 are not subjected to customs duty. Authorities have seized many such shipments trying to evade customs duty. Chinese retailers like Club Factory, Ali Express and Shein will be affected the most by this move. To reduce these illegal imports, the tax department is planning to charge a mix of integrated goods and services tax (IGST) and customs duty on products ordered from Chinese e-commerce companies and will impose it on buyers at the payment stage, sources said to the paper. “The government is looking to bring in payment gateways on board on the scheme and when the consumer pays the money, IGST and customs duty will be included in the price,” said one source to the paper. Since the government started its crackdown on the imports from Chinese e-tailers, the numbers have gone down. According to a Bloomberg report taken from a customs document, imports of shipment worth below Rs 1,00,000 has fallen sharply by 55 percent in Mumbai.
- a) What in your opinion should the Government of India take measures to stop the malpractice by Chinese firms? (5marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The rapid growth of e-commerce has not only provided convenience to consumers but has also introduced new challenges in international trade and customs regulations. Chinese e-commerce platforms’ strategy of shipping goods to India labeled as “gifts” to circumvent customs duties illuminates a gray area in international commerce. While such strategies might boost sales for these platforms, they undermine the local economic structure and evade
- b) Explain antidumping duty and how can the Government apply these duties without violating the WTO rules, of Free Trade. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the realm of international trade, one of the contentious topics is the practice of dumping – where a country exports a product at a price lower than its domestic market price. This can harm the importing country’s domestic industry. To counteract such practices and protect domestic industries, governments impose antidumping duties. However, while doing so,
Introduction to Retail
December 2023 Examination
- The term ‘retail sales by ownership’ refers to the basic system or basic format of doing business. In India, around 12 million retail outlets are covered under this format. Under this format, proprietor is responsible for the success and failure of the store. Considering the fact, appraise the different types of retail institution by ownership and also bring about for a company named Papa John’s what format must be taken and why do you believe this format would do justice?
Ans:
Introduction
Retail sales by ownership check with the essential structure or layout in which businesses operate within the retail area. In India, this format encompasses around 12 million retail outlets, and it places the responsibility for the success and failure of a store squarely on the owner. This essay explores the various types of retail institutions by using possession to examine their traits and implications. Moreover, it’ll delve into the suitable ownership format for Papa John’s, a renowned pizza chain, elucidating why it might be appropriate and beneficial.
The retail sector is vital to the Indian economy, contributing drastically to employment and overall economic increase. The possession structure of retail establishments plays a pivotal
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- Non-store retailing is the selling of goods and services outside the confines of a retail facility. It is a generic term describing retailing taking place outside of shops and stores (that is, off the premises of fixed retail locations and of markets stands). Observing the given situation, distinguish the different types of Non – Store based Retail Strategy Mix & Non – Traditional Retailing. Also, identify which type of non-store-based retail strategy should be adapted by D2C Brands such as Sugar Cosmetics, Boat, Nykaa, etc,
Ans:
Introduction:
Non-store retailing is a dynamic and evolving retail industry that sells items and services outside traditional retail centers like stores and stores. It encompasses a broad spectrum of strategies and methods that permit groups to connect to clients via various channels aside from brick-and-mortar establishments and market stands. In current years, technological improvements and shifting customer possibilities have propelled the increase and significance of non-shop retailing. This shape of retailing has revolutionized how groups engage with their target audience and
- Price is the most important factor, which generates revenue, while other factors in marketing mix represents cost.
- a) The retail price is the price that the customers pay for the final product that is sold. These customers do not buy the product to sell it onwards. They buy the product to use it. Demonstrating the given situation, bring about the factors affecting retail price strategy?
Ans:
Introduction
In marketing, establishing the right price for a product is an essential determinant of fulfillment. Retail charges, the quantity customers pay for the last effect, significantly influence revenue generation. But, achieving the sensitive balance between a price that generates sales and the value involved is a multifaceted system. This essay delves into the various factors that affect the retail charge strategy, exploring how businesses navigate this panorama to maximize their
- b) In today’s competitive retail market, it is more important than ever for retailers to have a clear and well-defined pricing strategy. Developing the concept, bring about the different types of Retail Pricing strategy? Also, bring about which retail pricing strategy is visible in the Croma Electronics showroom selling Television Sets?
Ans:
Introduction
The retail market is dynamic and evolving, often influenced by financial shifts, patron behaviors, and technological advancements. As consumer choices become more extensive, so does their capacity to evaluate prices and seek first-class deals. Consequently, retailers should offer quality products and adopt astute pricing techniques to stay ahead in this competitive milieu. Pricing
IT Infrastructure Management
December 2023 Examination
- Based on your experience, elucidate how IT system complexity affects the timeline for implementing new technologies. Advise what steps can be taken to avoid the delay. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The evolution of technology has perennially witnessed a paradox: as systems grow in capabilities, their intricacies multiply, making the very adoption of advancements a herculean endeavor. IT system complexity has its roots in the interconnectedness of applications, the heterogeneity of platforms, and the multifaceted requirements of businesses that have expanded over time. With an increasing demand for sophisticated functionalities and a global drive towards digital transformation, organizations often find themselves at a crossroads. While aiming to embrace the latest technologies, they are simultaneously daunted by the
- In order to combat risks, it is important to classify them to devise the best approach to overcome it. Explain the various types of risks and how do you analyze them? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Risks are an inherent part of any organization’s operations, particularly within the domain of IT infrastructure management. As technology embeds itself deeper into the fabric of organizational functions, understanding and managing these risks becomes paramount. The increasing complexity and interconnectedness of IT systems means that even a minor disruption or security breach can have significant ramifications, not just technologically but also economically and reputationally. However, not all risks are created equal. Their nature, source, and potential impact can vary widely. Thus, classifying them is crucial. This helps in
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- As an IT Head in a large firm, your goal is to consolidate the servers used and also the space required to house these servers. You are championing the concept of virtualization and want to address your team and answer the following questions they have on the topic.
- Establish the need for server virtualization to get your team to understand its importance. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In today’s fast-evolving technological landscape, businesses require increased agility and efficiency to meet ever-changing demands. Server resources, once procured, often remained underutilized, leading to wasted space, energy, and money. Consolidating our IT infrastructure is not just about cutting costs but paving the way for a more resilient, scalable,
- Are there any limitations of server virtualization? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
While server virtualization offers a myriad of benefits and has revolutionized the way we perceive and manage IT infrastructure, it is essential to approach the concept holistically. Like any technology, virtualization, despite its advantages, comes with its set of limitations. To make informed decisions for our organization, it’s crucial to understand both the strengths
IT Project Management
December 2023 Examination
- You have just been appointed to the newly created position of VP of IT at Sparrow Industries – a 60-year manufacturing company in Chandigarh. In your first meeting, the CEO, Satinder Singh Sparrow, told you that he is unhappy with the present situation of disparate legacy IT systems in the company and wants them to be fully integrated. You recommended that the company move to a Standard ERP System. As a first step, the CEO has asked you to assess the Feasibility of this initiative.
What types of feasibility studies will you perform and what would they assess? Prepare an Executive Summary of the outcomes of the Feasibility Study to serve as a basis for a detailed discussion with the CEO and the rest of the Leadership. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Sparrow Industries, with its six decades of legacy, stands today at an inflection point in its technological journey. With a vast landscape of disparate legacy IT systems, the need to transition towards a seamless, integrated, and efficient IT infrastructure has never been more pronounced. Adopting a Standard ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system could be the bridge between the company’s storied past and a technologically forward future. This feasibility study aims to evaluate the practicality and implications of such a migration. The intent is to present a comprehensive understanding of the various facets of
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- You are a consultant to Allied Insurance Ltd. You are required to prepare the RFP to be issued to System Integrators for implementing a Core Insurance Platform – Applied Epic or Guidewire and integrating it to Allied’s existing Systems – D365 ERP & D365 CRM. Present the executive summary of the RFP with all requisite sections. For additional information on the specific products, you may refer the company websites. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Allied Insurance Ltd, one of the leading insurance companies in the market, is on the brink of a transformative journey. As we navigate through the modern digital era, there is a pressing need to fortify our technological foundations to serve our customers better and to enhance our competitive edge in the market. The goal is to integrate a state-of-the-art Core Insurance Platform – either Applied Epic or Guidewire, into our existing systems, specifically the D365 ERP & D365 CRM. This integration promises not only to streamline operations but also to revolutionize our customer experience. Thus, in line with our vision to be the vanguard of
- Mr. Chandy, CEO of Aluva Cooperative Bank has convened a meeting for all the CxOs to discuss the bank’s IT Strategy Roadmap. At this meeting Mr. Vijay Kumar, the newly appointed CIO has announced his intention to embark on an Application Modernization Program to update all the Bank’s Legacy (Non-Core) Applications. In this regard, Mr. Vijay Kumar has stated that he intends to Outsource the Development and ongoing Maintenance & Support of these Applications to a 3rd party IT Partner. Mr. Moideen, the COO of the company, is skeptical and asks if Mr. Vijay Kumar has considered all the issues involved.
When Mr. Chandy, asked him if he had specific concerns, Mr. Moideen immediately said “I see two issues that need detailed discussion… (1) How will we ensure a Smooth Transition and Implementation and (2) How will we maintain Confidentiality of Information?”
How will Mr. Vijay Kumar respond to Mr. Moideen’s queries on…
- Smooth Transition and Implementation? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Mr. Vijay Kumar, the new CIO, understands the intricacies of an Application Modernization Program. His proposition to outsource the development and maintenance of non-core applications is not without careful thought. Addressing Mr. Moideen’s concerns, Mr. Kumar seeks to clarify the measures he’s considering for ensuring a smooth transition and the
- Confidentiality of Information? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Confidentiality of information is the bedrock upon which banking institutions build trust with their customers. With the move to outsource the development and maintenance of non-core applications to a 3rd party, Mr. Moideen’s concerns about maintaining data privacy and security are valid and of paramount importance. Mr. Vijay Kumar is poised to address this
Manpower Planning, Recruitment and Selection
December 2023 Examination
Q1. As a Training Manager of a fast-growing tech company, you are tasked to select a trainer for a training program to enhance the leadership skills of mid-level managers. The company has a diverse workforce, including remote employees. Outline the skills you will be looking for the trainer for creating a comprehensive leadership-training program that caters to different learningstyles and accommodates remote participants. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In an era where businesses are rapidly digitizing and workforces are increasingly diverse and dispersed, leadership training becomes a linchpin for organizational success. The role of a trainer in sculpting competent leaders extends beyond imparting knowledge; it encompasses the ability to navigate an intricate tapestry of cultures, backgrounds, and learning preferences, particularly in a tech company. Adding the complexity of remote employment, the stakes are raised, demanding trainers to possess not just subject expertise, but also the dexterity to unify
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Q2. You are the HR Manager of a well-established manufacturing company that has been usingtraditional methods of performance appraisal for many years. The management team is consideringa potential shift to more modern performance management approaches. Your task is to provide anin-depth analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of traditional performance appraisal methods in the context of your organization. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving business landscape, where companies are constantly adapting to meet the challenges of the modern world, performance appraisal remains an integral component of HR management. Historically, our manufacturing company has adhered to traditional methods of performance appraisal, which have served as the backbone for assessing and rewarding employee performance. These methods, deeply rooted in our organizational culture, emphasize standardized evaluations and comparative rankings. As the dynamics of
Q.3a) You are the Human Resources Manager of a rapidly expanding technology company that values fair and accurate employee performance appraisal. However, you’ve noticed that various biases and cognitive effects can impact the objectivity of performance evaluations. Analyze any three challenges faced while appraising the performance of employees and explain how each onecan potentially distort the assessment process. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Performance appraisal is a fundamental process within any organization that aims to recognize and reward employees based on their contributions. In our swiftly growing technology company, ensuring objective and unbiased performance evaluations is of paramount importance, especially given the dynamism and diversity inherent in our sector. However, even with the best of intentions, biases and cognitive effects can creep into the
Q.3b) You are the Recruitment Manager of a dynamic multinational corporation aiming to attracttop talent in the competitive tech industry. The company recognizes the need for modern recruitment methods to identify and select the best candidates. Select any three of the modern recruitment methods and explain why you have selected these three methods. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In today’s fiercely competitive tech industry, the battle for top talent is relentless. As the Recruitment Manager for a progressive multinational corporation, I recognize the imperative need to stay ahead of the curve by leveraging modern recruitment strategies. These methods not only cater to the evolving preferences of the current job-seeking generation but also
Marketing of Financial Services
December 2023 Examination
Q.1) Develop a Public Relations campaign for SEBI to educate retail investors about the risks involved in trading in the Futures and Options segment. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The world of finance is vast, intricate, and laden with opportunities and pitfalls alike. One such area that has drawn considerable attention, yet remains shrouded in complexity, is the Futures and Options (F&O) segment. While this segment presents potential for profitable outcomes, it’s not without its risks, especially for retail investors. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), the guardian of India’s capital markets, shoulders a pivotal role in safeguarding the interests of these investors. In a rapidly evolving financial environment where information asymmetry can lead to significant losses, it becomes imperative for SEBI to bridge the knowledge gap. A Public Relations (PR) campaign serves
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Q.2) Your client Mr. Ashok Pandit has a moderate risk profile. Explain the potential benefits of investing in Mutual Funds that periodically rebalance their portfolio between equity and debt. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the vast financial universe, where diverse investment options coexist, it becomes crucial to tailor one’s investment strategy based on individual risk tolerance and financial goals. For Mr. Ashok Pandit, characterized by a moderate risk profile, striking the right balance between risk and return is essential. Herein, mutual funds that periodically rebalance their portfolios between equity and debt emerge as a promising avenue. At the intersection of growth potential and capital preservation, these funds harness the dynamism of equities and the stability of debt instruments. They offer the allure of market-linked returns while keeping
Q.3) As a Financial Planner, you have been approached by Anuj, a 35-year-old marketing executive earning an annual income of Rs. 15 lakhs. His wife, Neha, is 32 years old and currently a homemaker. They have a 4-year-old daughter named Riya. Anuj and Neha seek your expertise in making important financial decisions. Feel free to make any necessary assumptions to develop your recommendations.
- a) Anuj and Neha, seek your assistance to plan for their daughter Riya’s higher education expenses. They want to ensure they are financially prepared for her future educational needs. What advice or strategies would you recommend to help them save and invest wisely for Riya’s higher education? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The education landscape is rapidly evolving, and with it, the associated costs are on an upward trajectory. For parents like Anuj and Neha, the aspiration to provide the best for their daughter Riya’s higher education necessitates a well-thought-out financial strategy. Given the time horizon they have before Riya steps into her higher education phase, a balanced approach, amalgamating both safe and growth-oriented investment options, will be pivotal.
- b) Anuj aims to retire by the age of 60. Design a comprehensive retirement plan for him. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Retirement, often viewed as the golden phase of life, requires meticulous planning to ensure financial independence and comfort. For Anuj, with a horizon of 25 years before he hits the age of 60, it is imperative to construct a retirement plan that offers both security and growth. The key is to balance the current lifestyle and future aspirations while accounting for the inevitable increase in living expenses due to inflation and other unforeseen circumstances.
Marketing Strategy
December 2023 Examination
- Take any corporate of your choice and explain various levels of strategy for that organization. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction (250 words):
In the ever-evolving world of business, strategic planning plays a pivotal role in ensuring an organization’s longevity and success. One such corporate giant that has consistently demonstrated the importance of strategic planning is Apple Inc. Founded in 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne, Apple has grown from a garage start-up to one of the most valuable and influential tech companies in the world. Its success can be attributed to its innovative products, but equally important is its adeptness at crafting and executing effective strategies at various levels of the organization. Apple’s strategic planning is not just
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- Assume you are planning to start your own start-up and you have decided to start the same with a clear Vision, Mission, Goals, and objectives. Create and elaborate on the same. (You can decide any business of your choice) (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In today’s dynamic business landscape, the inception of a startup requires more than just an innovative idea; it demands a clear direction and purpose. This direction is often provided by a startup’s Vision and Mission statements, which serve as the foundation upon which the entire business is built. The Vision statement paints a picture of what the company aspires to become in the future, providing a long-term direction and inspiration. On the other hand, the Mission statement delineates the company’s core purpose and reason for existence, guiding its day-to-day operations and decision-making processes. Following these foundational
3a) Explain the concept of need, want, and demand for the footwear category. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the realm of marketing, understanding the distinctions between need, want, and demand is crucial for any business, especially in the competitive footwear industry. These terms, while often used interchangeably, have distinct meanings that influence consumer behavior and purchasing decisions. By delving into these concepts, businesses can tailor their strategies to
3b) Explain the 7P’s of Marketing for any restaurant of your choice. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The 7P’s of marketing, often referred to as the marketing mix, are a set of crucial elements that collectively define a business’s marketing strategy. For the restaurant industry, which thrives on customer experience and satisfaction, understanding and implementing the 7P’s is pivotal. Let’s delve into the 7P’s of marketing using the example of “Olive Garden,” a popular Italian-themed chain restaurant, to see how they employ these principles to captivate their
Merchandising Management
December 2023 Examination
- You are about to start a saree store in your city. What is the kind of layout that you plan to have and what are the type of technologies that you plan to incorporate so you have a strong customer footfall? (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
Opening a saree store in our city is an exciting challenge, reflecting our passion for promoting our community’s rich heritage of traditional clothing. The aim is to provide an all-encompassing revel for customers seeking high-quality sarees, excellent provider, and a blend of classic elegance with modern convenience.
Our store, ‘SareeSangam,’ will embody timeless charm and cultural grace. With an inviting environment and a thoughtfully designed layout, we intend to draw in customers and keep them captivated with a wide range of great sarees.
Concept & Application
- Design & Layout:
– Open & Inviting Space:
Our save will boast an open layout; ensuring clients are not overwhelmed by excessive clutter.
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- What sort of merchandise should a spectacles shop stock and what should be the promotions and range in terms of price? (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
Background and Overview of the Spectacles Industry
The spectacles industry has witnessed a profound evolution since its inception centuries ago. From rudimentary devices aimed at improving vision to modern style statements, eyewear has become essential to contemporary life. The convergence of capability and style has elevated spectacles past their practical purpose, turning them into great accessories reflecting one’s persona, lifestyle, and fashion.
Spectacles, additionally called eyeglasses or virtual glasses, have a rich history dating back to ancient times. Early variations consisted of simple glass lenses held via diverse frames, regularly
- Case Study
Aiwa returns with a new strategy for its TVs
In the late 1990s, Japanese electronics brand Aiwa tied up with a maverick entrepreneur, Kabir Mulchandani, to sell its consumer electronic products. Founder of Baron International, Mulchandani, 26 at the time, had already disrupted the TV market through a tie-up with another Japanese player, Akai.
With a strategy that relied on heavy discounts, exchange offers and freebies, Akai was selling in huge volumes. But Mulchandani’s relationship with it was strained. So he decided to move and replicate the same magic with Aiwa in TV, audio, headphones and other electronics. Aiwa was ready to offer its completely knocked down (CKD) TV sets at a much lower rate than Akai. Mulchandani’s strategy, however, did not work for very long. He lost money, faced alleged excise evasion cases and was forced to shut shop.
Aiwa is back now-this time with a fundamentally changed strategy. Today, when the brand launched its LED television sets, it made it amply clear that this would not be a price warrior. Instead, it is pricing these TVs between the more expensive Sony and Samsung on one hand and the mass market Chinese brands such as Xioami on the other.
“We have found the sweet spot. We are not a cheap product,” says Ajay Mehta, managing director of Aiwa India.
“We will be 20-30 per cent cheaper than Sony and Samsung, but 10-15 per cent more expensive than the Chinese brands. We will lever age the fact that we are designed in Japan and produced in India,” says Mehta.
Starting at Rs16,000, the TVs ranging from 32 inches to 75 inches will cost up to Rs150,000. Aiwa India has tied up with Dixon Technologies as its contract manufacturer.
Given its not-so-successful history in the country, Aiwa is taking great pains to shake off its “price-sensitive” image. So, it has decided not to sell online.
“We cannot succeed as a discount brand. That is why in the initial phase, we will not sell online where one has to offer discounts,” says Mehta. “We want consumers to experience the product and see the difference.”
By December-end, it expects to be present in 600 stores in 20 cities. Talks are also on with one of the country’s largest consumer electronics retail chains to stack Aiwa products.
Mehta’s target is moderate: a 4-5 per cent share of the TV market in 4-5 years. Currently, 17-18 million TV sets are sold in the country in a year and the market has been growing at 8-9 per cent per annum. But the big question is: will Aiwa’s new strategy work?
Says a competitor, “There are so many brands, like Akai, which tried to make a re-entry. Or like Sharp, which had a Japanese pedigree, but did not make a dent.”
“The Indian TV market,” says this person, “is consolidated at the upper end with Sony and Samsung and at the afford able end by the Chinese, who are offering many tech features that only top brands used to give. So it will be an uphill task.”
The company set up its regional headquarters in India in February 2021 and despite the pandemic, launched its luxury brand of speakers. To reiterate its focus on quality rather than price, these speakers cost up to Rs60,000 (the brand also has an entry-level model priced at Rs2,500). Imported as a completely built up (CBU) product and launched in October last year. It hopes to double its run rate from Rs30 crore to ₹60 crore per month, though it will always remain a niche market.
Aiwa India is looking to launch other products, too– air-conditioners, washing machines and refrigerators – in the next one to two years and hopes to hit $1 billion in revenues in 4-5 years. TV, however, will be its anchor product, accounting for over 40 per cent of the turnover. The rest is up to consumers.
Questions
- a) How had Aiwa started in India, how has it re-launched, and how has it set its pricing? (5 marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
Aiwa, a renowned Japanese electronics brand, debuted in India in the late 1990s. During that point, the brand tied up with Kabir Mulchandani, a disruptive entrepreneur known for his successes in the television market. Mulchandani’s previous collaboration with Akai revolutionized the industry through aggressive pricing strategies. However, this strategy must most straightforwardly maintain Aiwa in the short run, resulting in economic losses and
- b) How many stores does it plan to set up and in how many cities and how is the Indian Market. What are the other products that it is set to launch? (5 marks)
Ans:
Introduction
Aiwa, a renowned Japanese electronics brand, is returning to the Indian consumer electronics market with a transformed approach. This strategy involves positioning its LED TV sets at a strategic rate point among high-stop brands like Sony and Samsung and mass-market Chinese language brands like Xiaomi. The employer aims to capture a 4-5% share of the highly aggressive television market in the subsequent 4-5 years. Additionally, Aiwa India plans to
Warehouse Management
December 2023 Examination
- Provide a comprehensive overview of the benefits, challenges, and best practices associated with outsourcing warehouse operations for businesses seeking to optimize their supply chain management. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In today’s globalized business environment, the optimization of supply chain management has become imperative for competitive success. One pivotal element within this vast system is warehouse management, which ensures the efficient storage, retrieval, and distribution of goods. Given the increasing complexity of operations and the capital-intensive nature of maintaining warehouses, many businesses are now considering outsourcing their warehouse operations. By delegating these responsibilities to third-party logistics providers, companies aim to enhance efficiency and cost-effectiveness. However, like any strategic decision, outsourcing warehouse operations comes with its benefits, challenges, and demands adherence to certain best practices to ensure the desired outcomes. This exploration delves into these It is only half solved
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- Discuss the essential features and functionalities that businesses should look for when selecting a warehouse management system to improve inventory management, streamline operations, and enhance overall supply chain performance for Food and Beverage Industry warehouse. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In an era marked by intense competition and evolving customer demands, the Food and Beverage (F&B) industry has recognized the significance of efficient warehouse management. The industry, characterized by perishable goods, varying demand patterns, and stringent regulations, requires a warehouse management system (WMS) tailored to its unique challenges. A robust WMS not only ensures optimal inventory management but also streamlines operations to meet consumer expectations swiftly. As businesses navigate the F&B landscape, selecting a WMS equipped
- You are a warehouse manager for an E-commerce company that deals with a wide range of products. The company has been experiencing inefficiencies in its warehouse operations, leading to delayed order processing, increased errors, and rising inventory carrying costs. Your task is to analyze the situation and propose solutions to address the challenges.
- Identify the key issues and challenges faced by the warehouse in terms of efficiency and inventory management. Discuss the factors contributing to the delays in order processing, the reasons for the increased error rates, and the factors leading to higher inventory carrying costs. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
With the meteoric rise of E-commerce businesses, efficient warehouse operations have become the linchpin for success. Delays in order processing, rising errors, and escalated inventory carrying costs can cripple an E-commerce entity’s reputation and financial stability. Analyzing these challenges is crucial to ensure that products seamlessly move from shelves to consumers. This analysis delves into the key issues and contributory factors affecting warehouse efficiency and
- Propose a comprehensive plan to improve warehouse efficiency and optimize inventory management. Outline the strategies you would implement to address the identified challenges. Include steps to streamline order processing, minimize errors, and reduce inventory carrying costs. Support your proposed plan with relevant theories, industry best practices, and real-life examples of successful warehouse management implementations. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In an era where E-commerce reigns supreme, the efficiency of warehouse operations acts as a differentiator between success and stagnation. Addressing the inefficiencies and optimizing inventory management is of paramount importance. Drawing from proven theories, industry best practices, and real-life successful implementations, a comprehensive plan can be formulated to turn these
Total Quality Management
December 2023 Examination
Question 1: Q1. Maxx Industry is in the process of implementing TQM across the entire organization. You are asked to make a presentation to the senior managers on the aspects of TQM and points to consider while implementing. Discuss your presentation. (10 Marks)
Introduction
In the gift dynamic business landscape, the pursuit of excellence has become something beyond a goal; it’s far a need for patience and improvement. “overall quality management (TQM)” stands as a beacon of this pursuit, embodying a holistic method to organizational management. As it’s miles addressed to a senior manager at Maxx industry, it digs into the essence of TQM. This philosophy permeates all sides of an organization, advocating continuous improvement, client pride, and employee engagement. TQM is a profound trade in mindset and tradition. This discourse will explore the central tenets of TQM, emphasizing
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Question 2: Q2. What would be your advice to a design team on quality management techniques that may support in removing defects in products at design phase or the production phase? (10 Marks)
Introduction
Implementing general pleasant control (TQM) internally in a business enterprise like the Maxx industry is a crucial drive that is dedicated to further growing product first-rate, decreasing defects, and upgrading trendy efficiency. In its middle, TQM is an intensive method that requests obligation from each level of the organization, with the layout organization assuming an urgent function in disorder counteraction. This newsletter delves into critical methodologies that the layout-collecting process can utilize to proactively
Question 3a: Q3. Below is data collected for the percentage of defective from a process (n=100).
Sample |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
15 |
p |
.04 |
.02 |
.05 |
.03 |
.06 |
.04 |
.03 |
.07 |
.01 |
.02 |
.03 |
.02 |
.02 |
.08 |
.03 |
a. Find all control limits for this process. (5 Marks)
Introduction
Establishing control limits is crucial for monitoring and maintaining procedure balance in excellent manipulation. This entails calculating the mean and trendy deviation from historical data to set upper (UCL) and lower (LCL) manipulation limits. Those limits are significant indicators of the method’s overall performance, supporting companies in apprehending and addressing any deviations, ultimately ensuring regular quality and adherence to general
Question 3b: Discuss two types of control charts you will use for attributes data. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Manage charts, including the P-chart and C-chart, are pivotal apparatuses in first-rate control for tracking and ensuring system dependability. They’re critical while managing discrete, categorical data, helping manage defects and deviations in different industries. The P-chart follows the proportions of defects, while the C-chart counts defects, assisting corporations to maintain consistency and adherence to “overall quality management (TQM)” standards.
Taxation- Direct and Indirect
December 2023 Examination
1) What is the idea of “Residential Status” in direct taxes on individuals, and how does it affect a taxpayer’s (both resident and non-resident) tax liability in India? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the realm of taxation, the term “residential status” holds paramount importance. It is the fulcrum on which the entire architecture of an individual’s tax liability in a country rests. As nations endeavor to collect taxes, ensuring socio-economic development without imposing undue burdens on their citizens, the concept of residential status provides a systematic criterion. For India, a nation with a burgeoning economy and diaspora spread across the globe, the implications of this concept are multifaceted. Given the intricacies of globalization where people frequently cross national It is only half solved
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2) What is the GST (Goods and Services Tax) notion of “Supply” in India, and how does it establish the taxability of transactions within the GST framework? Explain the distinction between VAT and GST. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Taxation, as a tool for revenue generation and fiscal policy modulation, has always evolved to cater to the dynamic economic landscape. India’s introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) marked a transformative phase in its indirect taxation system, promising to encapsulate a broad spectrum of transactions under one unified canopy. Central to GST’s application is the concept of “Supply,” which
3) XYZ Electronics Pvt. Ltd. is a Mumbai-based electronic gadget company. They just received an order for 1000 units of their latest smart phone model from a dealer in another state. The selling price per unit is INR 15,000, with a 12% GST rate. XYZ Electronics Pvt. Ltd. is interested in learning about the GST consequences of this interstate sale. Can you answer the following questions for them?
- a) What type of supply does this transaction fall under and how will it be treated under GST? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India has reshaped the landscape of indirect taxation, aiming to simplify, unify, and streamline tax structures across goods and services. One of the pivotal features of GST is its dual tax mechanism, which is designed to fairly distribute tax revenue between the center and the states, and is especially relevant in interstate transactions. In this context, understanding the type and treatment of supply for interstate sales is crucial for businesses like XYZ Electronics Pvt. Ltd. to ensure compliance and financial accuracy.
Concept and application
Type of Supply: The order for 1000 units of smartphones by XYZ Electronics Pvt. Ltd., a Mumbai-based
- b) What is the GST liability for XYZ Electronics Pvt. Ltd. on this sale, and how will they calculate the tax amount? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
GST (Goods and Services Tax), India’s groundbreaking indirect tax system, aims to unify diverse state and central taxes into a singular, comprehensive structure. One of the cornerstones of this system is ensuring clarity in tax calculations, especially for businesses making interstate supplies. For XYZ Electronics Pvt. Ltd., understanding their GST liability for the recent interstate sale becomes an imperative exercise, both for financial clarity and regulatory
Supply Chain Management
December 2023 Examination
- “Fast Fashion”, a new generation fashion and utility wear network of stores, has about 200 high end fashion stores in the country. They have heir own brand which appeals to youngsters and kids. They plan to expand to 500 stores by the year 2025. Along with this growth plan, they already are facing delays in getting stock, stock out situations, higher cost due to stocks not arriving within season, quality issue with apparel manufacturers etc. They want to open new stores and also optimize cost along with higher service. How can they leverage various supply chain drivers to meet their objective by 2025? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The dynamic landscape of the fashion industry demands agility, precision, and foresight in supply chain management. “Fast Fashion,” despite its impressive reach and brand appeal, grapples with significant supply chain challenges as it aspires to more than double its store count by 2025. Timely stock delivery, cost optimization, and consistent product quality are fundamental to its growth and reputation. Addressing these concerns requires an in-depth understanding and strategic leverage of supply chain drivers. These drivers, when meticulously orchestrated, can
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- “Drunken Monkey” is a fast food and healthy snack chain. They are a post covid start up by fresh graduates and technocrats. Being creative thinkers, they have expanded to about 6 locations within the city. They plan is to put up 6 more stores within next year. Brand has picked up well but due to lack of sufficient experience they are already facing cost issues, sourcing is not able to meet customer demand, not able to meet required heathy snack demand. With more customers visiting outlets, non-availability is leading to negative social media reviews which is an issue for their brand and growth plan. They are aiming at making their process agile to meet increasing and variable demand. Also make the business lean so that profits can be maintained while growing number of stores. How will they transition through different stages to reach LEAN and AGILE value chain stage? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of the food and beverage industry, “Drunken Monkey” has emerged as a promising new entrant, driven by innovative thinkers and a unique value proposition. The post-Covid era has brought with it both challenges and opportunities, with businesses navigating uncertain demand patterns, supply chain disruptions, and evolving consumer behaviors. For “Drunken Monkey,” while rapid growth speaks to its potential, operational bottlenecks hint
- “Winners” are a sports tourism agency who under take guided sports tourism package around major events like IPL, Football World Cup, F1 races and even smaller European and American sports / games events. They need to forecast from number of potential tourism package bookings, visa needs, travel bookings, organize stay, food etc.
- Describe steps in demand forecasting in this case situation. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
“Winners” stands at the intersection of two exhilarating industries: sports and tourism. However, orchestrating seamless experiences around colossal events like the Football World Cup or the IPL isn’t straightforward. The unpredictable nature of sports outcomes, coupled with dynamic fan behaviors, makes demand forecasting a vital tool for success. Accurately predicting demand ensures that fans have an impeccable experience, while “Winners” can optimize resources, minimize costs,
Service Operations Management
December 2023 Examination
Q1. Strategies & decisions of regarding Service Operation are taken at various levels of hierarchy in organizations. Discuss these levels of hierarchy and the Strategic decisions taken at these levels. Explain these concepts by taking an example of any Educational Institute of your choice.
Ans:
Introduction:
Carrier Operation is an essential IT carrier control (ITSM) factor that focuses on delivering and assisting IT services efficiently and effectively. It entails managing the day-to-day Operations of IT services, ensuring they meet business requirements and deliver prices to clients. In businesses, decisions related to service Operations are made at various stages of Hierarchy, every with its own set of strategic responsibilities. In this discussion, we can discover those hierarchy tiers and the strategic selections made at each stage, using an instance from an educational institute to illustrate the standards.
Concept & Application:
Levels of Hierarchy in Service Operation:
Strategic Level:
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Q2. The ‘Service Design’ concept is understood and carefully planned in Service Operations. Explain the various approaches that Service setups can apply to the ‘Service Design’? Explain the concept with the help of reference of a hospitality setup like a Resort.
Ans :
Introduction
Service design is a vital issue of service operations that involves cautiously planning and orchestrating provider studies to meet and exceed purchaser expectations. It involves a holistic approach integrating human beings, processes, generation, and bodily proof to create seamless and delightful career encounters. Within the hospitality industry context, especially in a motel setting, practical service layout is paramount for attracting and maintaining guests. This essay delves into the idea and alertness of service layout within a hospitality setup, often focusing on a resort, and explores the various approaches that may be hired to enhance the
Q3. An automobile service center is a common service setup involving many different types of service processes. Discuss the following aspects of these kind of setups (you can take an example of your choice) with reference to the following questions
- Discuss the elements that need to be planned in a Service Framework of the mentioned setup.
Ans ;
Introduction
Automobile provider centers are critical to the car enterprise, imparting essential services to vehicle proprietors. Those carrier centers are intricate setups concerning diverse service processes to ensure vehicles’ premier overall performance and longevity. Planning a comprehensive carrier framework for a vehicle provider center requires meticulous attention
- These services do not plan all operations in the presence of the customers as well as make them visible to customers. Discuss this aspect of the layout planning of these processes with the concept of Decoupling of processes
Ans;
Introduction
Vehicle service centers are essential facilities within the automotive industry, imparting upkeep, repairs, and numerous vehicle services. These centers are carefully designed to optimize the service approaches and ensure a continuing consumer experience. One crucial aspect of this design is the concept of decoupling methods, which entails setting apart sure operations from a direct customer view. This concept complements efficiency, velocity, and
Sales Management
December 2023 Examination
Q.1 Assume you are a sales manager. You will be opening a new branch for which you intend to promote one of the existing salespersons as a branch sales manager. What criteria or qualities would you look for in selecting a person for the position of branch sales manager? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of sales, the role of a branch sales manager is pivotal. As businesses expand and open new branches, the need for a competent individual to lead the sales team becomes imperative. The branch sales manager not only represents the face of the branch but also plays a crucial role in driving sales, managing the team, and ensuring that the branch meets its targets. The decision to promote an existing salesperson to this position is a strategic one. It requires a thorough understanding of the individual’s capabilities, strengths, and potential to lead. This decision can significantly impact the branch’s future performance and
Q.2 Take any product/service of your own choice & explain the Personal Selling process. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Personal selling is a unique and powerful promotional tool that involves interpersonal interactions between a salesperson and a potential buyer, with the primary objective of persuading the buyer to make a purchase. Unlike other forms of promotion such as advertising or public relations, personal selling allows for two-way communication, enabling the salesperson to address the specific needs, doubts, and concerns of the buyer in real-time. This form of selling is prevalent in industries where products or services are complex, high in
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Q.3 Read the case & answer the questions based on the case:
Krishna Kumar, the marketing manager of MM Marketing Company was thinking how to go about designing sales territories, assigning salespeople to the territories and setting sales quotas, particularly as the product was new. The new product, called Swishflow fan was a unique kind of a table fan with attractive air-conditioner like looks. Considering the initial production capacity of 1,00,000 numbers in the first year, Krishna Kumar decided to market the product in and around Mumbai, where the marketing and sales office was located. The target consumers were household as well as commercial organizations, who could use this product as table-fan and wall-mounted fan.
Krishna Kumar thought that the territory design should include geographical areas with high market potential for achieving the sales budget of 1,00,000 numbers in the first year and a growth of 25 % per year for subsequent four years. He calculated a sales force size of seven numbers, and decided to launch the product initially in major metros and cities in Maharashtra and Gujarat. Krishna Kumar was of the view that sales quotas should consider sales volume, selling expense, and also number of sales calls per day, in order to have a proper control on salespeople. He wondered how to design sales territories, what criteria should he consider while assigning salespersons to territories, and how to design the sales quotas considering the factors mentioned above.
Questions:
- a) If you were Krishna Kumar, how would you design the sales territory? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Sales territory design is a critical aspect of sales management, especially for a new product launch. It involves segmenting the market into distinct areas, ensuring optimal coverage, and aligning resources to market potential. For Krishna Kumar and MM Marketing Company, the challenge is to introduce the Swishflow fan, a unique product, in a market that is both geographically vast and diverse in terms of consumer preferences. The design of sales
- b) Suggest a suitable selling strategy for the new launch (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Launching a new product, especially one as unique as the Swishflow fan, requires a well-thought-out selling strategy. The strategy should not only focus on introducing the product to the market but also on creating a lasting impression and building a loyal customer base. Given the dual utility of the Swishflow fan as both a table-fan and a wall-mounted fan, the
Retail Store Operation and Inventory Management
December 2023 Examination
Q.1 “Elegant Cards Ltd.” has been famous for selling Greeting Cards through various retail outlets, online stores and mass merchandise stores.
With time, the company diversified their product lines including party goods, stationary, photo albums, gift wraps, home decors, cut flower arrangements, books and ornaments used in festivals.
Elegant Cards Ltd. now wants to appoint a Store administrator to ensure maximum productivity, discipline and profitability of stores. Explain various responsibility of Store Administrator.
Ans:
Introduction
Elegant Cards Ltd., a reputable and well-established retailer with a rich history, has been a prominent name within the industry for its exceptional variety of greeting cards. Over the years, the employer has maintained prominence in the market and strategically differentiated its product strains to include various services. From party goods, stationery, and photo albums to gift wraps, domestic decor, cut flower arrangements, books, and ornaments for multiple festivals, Elegant Cards Ltd. has successfully evolved into a comprehensive issuer of celebratory and decorative objects.
This diversification reflects the company’s adaptability to changing market dynamics and
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Q.2 Assume you are the Business development Manager of a Mid Size retail store and you have to brief “Microsoft” to develop a SOMS (Store Operation Management System) which provides a point of sale solution to your store.
Explain all the features of proposed system, which you would like to incorporate with the help of your team and developers of Microsoft.
Ans:
Introduction
Staying ahead of the curve is essential for success in the ever-evolving retail landscape. As the business improvement supervisor of our mid-sized retail store, I recognize the critical need for a store Operation management system (SOMS) that elevates our operations to new heights. This short outlines our vision for a cutting-edge SOMS, specifically designed to integrate a sophisticated factor of Sale (POS) solution, and seeks to collaborate with Microsoft to transform this vision right into a reality.
The Retail Imperative
Our retail store is a hub of activity, constantly enticing with a numerous customer base and managing a wide array of products and services. However, to thrive and extend in these
Q.3 Walmart is the largest retail chain in the world. It is acknowledged for its competitive technological applications that help in its inventory management. The company operates on a philosophy that says, “Inventory Management is all about storing merchandise either for further use or future sales”
(a) In light of above statement critically evaluate the types of inventory at “Walmart”
Ans:
Introduction:
Effective inventory management is essential for maximizing earnings and ensuring customer satisfaction in the retail industry. Walmart, the world’s biggest retail chain, exemplifies superior inventory management techniques. This creation will offer an overview of Walmart, emphasizing its prominence in retail and highlighting the pivotal function of stock management in its operations. Moreover, it’ll set the level for an intensive exploration of Walmart’s stock
(b) Critically evaluate the vendor managed inventory model of “Walmart”.
Ans:
Introduction
Walmart, a global retail company, is renowned for its substantial scale of operations and efficient stock management systems. The company operates with a philosophy emphasizing inventory management’s significance as storing merchandise for instant use or future sales. Effective inventory management in the highly aggressive retail industry can significantly affect operational
Retail Store Design and Location
December 2023 Examination
- What are the skillsets required to handle retail sales? Explain this with an example of any leadership traits, relationship building with retailers etc? (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
Retail sales, the cornerstone of the commercial global, constitute the vital interaction among businesses and consumers, directly promoting goods and services to cease-customers. This dynamic and complex area requires a unique blend of skills, knowledge, and traits to thrive and excel. Booming retail sales management and execution necessitate a multifaceted approach that combines interpersonal finesse, strategic insight, and operational talent.
At its core, retail is an ever-evolving sector deeply entrenched in the consumer revel. It entails the transactional components of income and the artwork of customer engagement, satisfaction,
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- Design an exclusive store to sell chocolates using an innovative concept. How will you plan the layout, ambience, display, customer interaction area? (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
Welcome to “ChocoSculpt,” a revolutionary concept in the global of chocolates. ChocoSculpt isn’t just a store; it is an experience, a journey into sweets’ art, flavor, and luxury. This exclusive save redefines the conventional idea of a chocolate save by combining creativity, luxury, and interplay to offer an unparalleled shopping experience for chocolate enthusiasts. This design idea will delve into the layout, ambiance, display strategies, and customer interaction areas that make ChocoSculpt an exceptional destination for chocolate lovers.
Concept & Application
- The Concept: ChocoSculpt – Where Art Meets Taste
1.1 Artistic Chocolate Displays
The heart of ChocoSculpt’s concept lies in the artistic display of chocolates. The store will
- 3. Case Study
Amul bucks pandemic trend: 100 products launched since 2020
The adage ‘necessity is the mother of invention’ fits well for brand Amul, which is owned and marketed by the Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF).
During the Covid-19 nationwide lockdown, which lasted for several months from March 2020, the leading dairy cooperative brand ensured seamless supply of milk and milk products across its markets.
At a time when other food and beverages (F&B) brands took a hit during the lockdown, Amul was on the product launching spree.
From immunity boosting milk in variants of turmeric, ginger and tulsi to Indian sweets like mohanthal, barfi, kaju katli and ladoo, Amul made the most of the lockdown by launching around 33 products and variants then. Till date Amul has launched more than 100 products across diary and non-diary categories since Covid.
The latest one is frozen french-fries produced by its member diary Bana’s newly-commissioned potato processing plant. The diary major is transforming into full-fledged F&B and fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) player.
Amul launched a litany of diversified products such as flour, edible oils, bakery products, carbonated drinks, high protein beverages, chocolates, potato-based products, diary based frozen snacks, honey and even peanut spreads.
Yet, for Amul, this is not a deviation from its core strengths, rather building on them. “Primarily, most of the new product launches are milk based but to help double the income of our farmer members, non-dairy products have also been launched. They include honey, atta (flour), and potato based products, among other things,” said Jayen Mehta, Chief operating office (COO), Amul.
According to Mehta, Amul is expanding its horizons into non-milk based food categories keeping its focus on doubling the income of the federation’s 3.6 million farmers. It procures 28 million liters of milk per day from them.
“Keeping the milk business as the backbone, other food categories are being inducted to help our own farmer members. This we are heading towards becoming well-rounded food and beverage company. The brand connection becomes stronger, both with the producer as well as the consumer,” Mehta added.
A dairy farmer member of Amul is encouraged to engage in as many ancillary farming activities with the assurance of Amul’s brand and market: As such, Amul has a strong base of 3.6 million milk producers across 18,600 villages of Gujarat. These people are members of its dairy cooperatives.
According to GCMMF managing director (MD) R S Sodhi, the lockdown only expedited the dairy major’s move to build its product portfolio in diary and non-diary packaged products.
“During the lockdown, consumers have been opting for packed foods and went for trustworthy brands. With all the launches, be it immunity-boosting milk variants or bakery products, we have stuck to our core values of offering quality and affordable products. Of course milk continues to be our main focus,” Sodhi had told Business Standard earlier.
Amul has gone on to add roughly 20 new manufacturing plants. Total number of plants, pan Indian, stands at 94.
Its product-launching spree is set to continue even as Amul looks to add organic agriculture produce in more staples like atta, rice and pulses.
It would also roll out high-protein products like protein shakes, protein water, protein chocolate, protein ice-cream and protein yogurt in the next few months.
Also on the cards are more milk packing plants across India to cater to the growing milk demand. Around 8-10 milk packaging stations of at least 100,000 units capacity each are getting added each year.
The month-end will see Prime Minister Narendra Modi launch GCMMF’s latest expanded cheese production facility at Sabar Diary. Elsewhere, Amul is putting up a new milk powder plant, UHT plant and five new ice-cream plants in the near future.
Typically, Amul incurs a capital expenditure (capex) of ₹ 800-1,000 crore annually for capacity expansion.
The expansion plan is also being executed at the distribution level with Amul adding more distributors in towns less than 10,000 population. It is expanding its branch network to more than 78 branches across the country.
“We have also expanded our Amul parlour network to more than 10,000 now. Amul distribution network and supply chain worked in an uninterrupted manner during the pandemic and that has made our business more lucrative,” said Mehta.
It is on the back of this expansion – in terms of product portfolio manufacturing capacity and distribution that Amul is pegging a turnover of ₹ 55,000 crore for FY23, up to ₹ 46,481 crore in FY22.
Expansion spree
Amul added 100 SKUs since April 2020.
Procures 28 million liters of milk per day.
It has over 3.6 million members farmers across over 18,000 villages.
Amul added 20 plants and now has 94 units pan India.
Amul’s annual turnover stood at ₹ 46,481 crore in FY2021-22.
Estimates a turnover of ₹ 55,000 crore for FY23.
- a) Which products has Amul launched? What is the reason for the increase in the basket of products?
Ans:
Introduction:
Amul, a brand owned and marketed by the Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF), has demonstrated remarkable resilience and adaptability throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic brought approximately unprecedented challenges, disrupting many industries and supply chains. But Amul ensured a seamless supply of milk and milk merchandise during the nationwide lockdown and launched an impressive product-launching spree. This
- b) What are the future plans of Amul? How does it plan to increase its reach and how is it planning to expand its capacities and why?
Ans;
Introduction
Amul, a brand synonymous with dairy excellence, has proven exceptional resilience and innovation at some point during the COVID-19 pandemic. Owned by the Gujarat Cooperative Milk Advertising Federation (GCMMF), Amul emerged as a beacon of balance during the challenging lockdown period, ensuring an uninterrupted supply of vital milk and milk products across markets. At the same time, as many food and beverage (F&B) brands struggled, Amul
Retail Banking
December 2023 Examination
Q1. Retail bank has different distribution channels to facilitate customers and give him different options to use banking services. This choice helps the customer to choose the channel he deems fit at that point of time. Explain the different channels and also explain why banks are discouraging customers to visit branch for financial transactions. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Retail banking, as an industry, has witnessed a remarkable transformation in recent years, largely due to technological advancements. The introduction of diverse distribution channels has been pivotal in redefining the customer experience. This transformation has not only empowered customers with more choices but has also allowed banks to streamline their operations, enhance efficiency, and reduce costs. In this context, it is essential to explore the various distribution channels in retail banking, their significance, and understand why banks are steering customers away from physical branches for financial
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Q2. Credit appraisal is an important step in doing financial due diligence. If this action is not carried out properly it may result in bad loan and subsequent NPA. Explain the basic lending principles and the role of credit scoring and CIBIL score. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of retail banking, prudent lending practices are essential to ensure the health of the financial institution and protect the interests of both lenders and borrowers. The cornerstone of these practices lies in credit appraisal, a meticulous process that evaluates the creditworthiness of borrowers before extending credit facilities. An effective credit appraisal process not only minimizes the risk of bad loans but also safeguards against the emergence of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) that can severely impact a bank’s financial stability and reputation. The principles of lending and the role of credit scoring, as well as the Credit Information Bureau (CIBIL) score, are instrumental in shaping this process. In this discussion, we will delve into these fundamental concepts that underpin responsible lending
Q3. Today we are in era of e-banking/digital banking. Brick and mortar banking is virtually coming to an end. Technology has deeply pervaded banks and is playing an important role in increasing performance, accuracy and speed. Discuss the importance of the following in digital banking:
- a) Artificial intelligence (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The landscape of banking has transformed dramatically in the digital age, with brick-and-mortar branches giving way to the era of e-banking or digital banking. Technology, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), has emerged as a pivotal force reshaping the industry. AI has brought forth unprecedented possibilities in enhancing banking performance, accuracy, and speed. This discussion explores the vital importance of AI in the realm of
- b) Multifactor authentication (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the digital banking era, security is paramount, and protecting customers’ sensitive financial information is non-negotiable. Multifactor authentication (MFA) is a critical component of digital banking security, offering an extra layer of protection beyond traditional username and password methods. This discussion delves into the significance of multifactor authentication in digital banking, emphasizing its role in safeguarding customer accounts and sensitive
Project Management
December 2023 Examination
Q1. Assume your company has got the contract to build a new airport in Goa. It is a very important project for you and your company. How are you going to manage the different stages of the project? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Undertaking the mammoth task of constructing a new airport in Goa requires an intricate blend of meticulous planning, efficient execution, and consistent oversight. Airports are not just large-scale infrastructural projects, but they also symbolize a region’s progress and connectivity. As the project manager for this prestigious assignment, my role is not only to ensure timely completion but to ascertain the final outcome meets the highest standards of safety, sustainability, and functionality. The city of Goa, renowned for its tourism, deserves
Q2. The activity involved in a certain project have been identified as follows:
| Job | Time
(weeks) |
No. of Men required | Precedence requirements |
| A | 5 | 1 | – |
| B | 10 | 1 | A |
| C | 8 | 2 | A |
| D | 6 | 3 | B,C |
| E | 7 | 1 | B,C |
| F | 4 | 2 | E |
| G | 4 | 2 | D,F |
| H | 2 | 1 | G |
- For the above project draw the network (using the MS word line function) and determine the critical path.
- If there are three men available at any one time how long would the project take and how would you allocate the men to the activities?
- If there are no restrictions on the amount of labour available, explain how you would schedule the activities? (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In project management, an activity network diagram or a project network diagram is a visual representation of the sequential flow and the dependencies of different tasks involved in a project. This tool provides clarity regarding the start and finish times of each task, aiding in identifying the project’s critical path. The critical path method (CPM) is an algorithm used to plan a set of project activities. It identifies the most extended path of the planned activities to the end of the project, and the earliest and latest that each activity can start and finish without
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Q3. Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) that runs Visvesvaraya Iron and Steel Plant (VISP) at Bhadravati in Karnataka decided to close the unit last year. Founded in 1954, SAIL operates and owns five integrated steel plants at Bhilai, Rourkela, Durgapur, Bokaro and Burnpur (Asansol) and three special steel plants at Salem, Durgapur and Bhadravathi. SAIL has declared VISP a loss-making unit. Please suggest:
- A transition plan for the project and factors that might affect the smooth termination of the projects. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The decision to close a unit, especially one with historical significance like the Visvesvaraya Iron and Steel Plant (VISP) operated by Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), is never easy. Such decisions often come with a myriad of challenges, both logistical and emotional. A well-structured transition plan is essential to ensure that the termination process is smooth, minimizing disruptions and addressing the concerns of all stakeholders involved. This plan
- List down the contents of Closure report and the post closure activities you would suggest to be undertaken. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The closure of a significant unit like the Visvesvaraya Iron and Steel Plant (VISP) necessitates a comprehensive closure report. This report serves as a formal documentation of the entire termination process, capturing key decisions, actions, and outcomes. It provides insights into the reasons for closure, the steps taken, and the results achieved. Beyond the report, post-closure activities are crucial to ensure that the site and its stakeholders transition
Procurement Management
December 2023 Examination
- XYZ Corporation is a medium-sized manufacturing company that specializes in producing electronic components. Over the years, the company has experienced growth and expansion, leading to an increased demand for various raw materials, components, and services. However, the procurement processes within the organization have not evolved to accommodate these changes. As a result, there have been instances of delays in sourcing materials, inconsistent purchase practices, and potential cost inefficiencies. Evaluate the current purchase policy and procedures at XYZ Corporation and recommend improvements to the purchase policy and procedures that could lead to more streamlined and effective procurement processes. Also, Identify and describe the various requisition types that XYZ Corporation might encounter in its procurement operations by explaining the importance of categorizing requisition types and how it can help in better procurement planning and execution. Lastly, propose a step-by-step process for issuing an RFx for XYZ Corporation to ensure effective supplier selection and negotiation. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the competitive world of manufacturing, efficient procurement processes can make the difference between success and stagnation. For a company like XYZ Corporation, which has witnessed growth and expansion, it’s crucial that the company’s procurement mechanisms are adaptive, scalable, and able to cater to increasing demands. The challenges XYZ Corporation currently faces, from sourcing delays and inconsistent purchasing practices to potential cost inefficiencies, point towards a procurement system that has not kept pace with the company’s expansion. Properly implemented, streamlined procurement processes not only enhance cost efficiency but also reduce lead times and ensure timely availability of raw materials and components. Moreover, It is only half solved
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- GlobalMart Inc. is a multinational retail company that operates in various countries.
The company sources products from suppliers located worldwide and distributes them to its retail stores. However, GlobalMart Inc. has been facing challenges in ensuring timely and cost-effective transportation and delivery of goods. The lack of standardized transportation strategies, documentation discrepancies, and limited shipment traceability have led to operational inefficiencies. Explain the concept of INCO terms and their significance in international procurement and shipping by evaluating how selecting appropriate INCO terms can impact GlobalMart Inc.’s transportation costs and responsibilities. Also, discuss the potential consequences of inaccurate or incomplete documentation on the transportation and delivery process by Proposing strategies or technologies that GlobalMart Inc. can implement to improve shipment tracking and visibility. Lastly, recommend a comprehensive transportation and logistics strategy that aligns with the company’s global operations, focusing on cost efficiency and timely delivery. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In today’s globalized world, companies such as GlobalMart Inc. increasingly source products from across the globe to benefit from diverse markets and cost advantages. However, with these advantages come complex challenges in managing the procurement and logistics process. One of the prime aspects of international trade that impacts transportation costs and responsibilities is the set of universally accepted codes known as INCO terms (International Commercial Terms). These terms distinctly define the roles and responsibilities of buyers and sellers in a transaction, affecting the entire logistics process from packaging to delivery. When combined with the nuances of documentation and the need for technological integration for
- TechCom Solutions is a fast-growing IT services company that provides a wide range of solutions to its clients. As the company expands its operations, it faces challenges in effectively sourcing reliable suppliers, streamlining the supplier registration process, and evaluating supplier performance. These challenges have the potential to impact the company’s service delivery and profitability.
- a) Discuss the importance of conducting spend analysis for TechCom Solutions to identify cost-saving opportunities and strategic sourcing Also, recommend steps and criteria for enhancing the supplier selection process, ensuring the registration of qualified and reliable suppliers. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In a rapidly evolving industry like IT services, a company’s operational efficiency and profitability are deeply intertwined with its procurement strategies. For TechCom Solutions, as it sails through its expansion phase, the procurement of quality services and products from reliable suppliers is paramount. Conducting spend analysis and refining supplier selection processes are crucial steps in ensuring that the company not only maintains its service quality but also optimizes its operational
- b) Discuss how understanding total cost ownership can contribute to TechCom Solutions’ decision-making process when selecting suppliers and products. Also, explain how ABC can help TechCom Solutions allocate costs more accurately and make informed procurement decisions. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the intricate world of procurement and supplier management, superficial evaluations often lead to unforeseen expenses. For an organization like TechCom Solutions, delving deeper into the ‘Total Cost of Ownership’ (TCO) and leveraging tools like Activity-Based Costing (ABC) can substantially enhance decision-making. These methodologies ensure that the company doesn’t merely view costs on the surface but comprehends the full spectrum of direct and indirect costs associated
Performance Management System
December 2023 Examination
- You have joined as HR Manager at Sonata Logistics which is a five year old company. You are required to design a ‘360 degree appraisal form’ as a method of employee appraisal. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In today’s dynamic business environment, organizations are constantly seeking ways to enhance their human resource practices to retain talent and ensure optimal performance. Sonata Logistics, a five-year-old company, is no exception. As the newly appointed HR Manager, one of the pivotal tasks at hand is to introduce a robust appraisal system that not only evaluates an employee’s performance but also provides a holistic view of their competencies, strengths, and areas of improvement. The ‘360-degree appraisal’ emerges as a
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- Network Limited is a computer hardware manufacturer and is introducing self-appraisal as a method for employee evaluation. Design a employee self appraisal form. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In today’s rapidly evolving corporate landscape, the traditional methods of employee evaluation are undergoing significant transformations. One such innovative approach that has gained traction in recent years is the concept of self-appraisal. Network Limited, a leading computer hardware manufacturer, recognizes the importance of staying abreast of modern HR practices and is keen on introducing self-appraisal as a method for employee evaluation. At its core, self-appraisal is a reflective process where employees assess their own performance,
- SmartClass Ltd is a start-up company that conducts coaching, tuitions for students across India. The company is expanding rapidly across India and is hiring Teachers.
Using the SMART principles, prepare 2 goals each for each of the following:
- a) Training Manager at SmartClass Ltd (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The Training Manager at SmartClass Ltd plays a pivotal role in ensuring that the teachers are well-equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge to deliver quality education. As the company expands, the need for a robust training mechanism becomes paramount. Setting clear and actionable goals is essential for the success of the training department. Using the
- b) Hiring Manager at SmartClass Ltd (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Hiring Manager at SmartClass Ltd shoulders the responsibility of recruiting the finest educators to cater to the company’s burgeoning demands. As SmartClass Ltd grows its footprint across India, the quest for adept teachers becomes even more pressing. The SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound) principles offer a structured
Organisational Theory, Structure and Design
December 2023 Examination
- Henri Fayol, the father of the classical approach was the first to present his observations on organisational management. What according to you are the 4 major principles driving this approach that are still relevant in today’s organisations? Give suitable examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Henri Fayol, often heralded as the pioneer of classical management theory, introduced a systematic approach to organizational management in the early 20th century. His principles, derived from his experiences as a mining engineer and executive, laid the foundation for modern management practices. While the business landscape has evolved dramatically since Fayol’s time, many of his principles remain relevant and are still applied in contemporary organizations. These principles, which were originally intended to improve efficiency and effectiveness in businesses, have transcended time and technological advancements. Today,
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- LookBook is launching its new mobile application. It is facing many internal management problems. According to Greiner’s Organisational Growth Model, explain the different phases of crisis that the company may go through. Highlight with examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of business, organizations often undergo various phases of growth, each accompanied by its unique set of challenges. As companies expand and evolve, they are likely to encounter specific crises that can act as both barriers and catalysts for further development. LookBook, with its recent venture into launching a new mobile application, is no exception to this rule. While the excitement of a new product launch can be exhilarating, it can also bring to light underlying internal management issues that need addressing. Greiner’s Organisational Growth Model, developed by Larry E. Greiner in 1972, provides a
- Ashish and Avanti are planning to enhance the organisational effectiveness of their e-commerce start-up business. Keeping the above scenario in mind,
- How do you think they will measure the organisational effectiveness of their business? Add examples (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, e-commerce start-ups face a plethora of challenges, from intense competition to ever-changing consumer preferences. For Ashish and Avanti, ensuring the organizational effectiveness of their e-commerce start-up is paramount to its success. Organizational effectiveness refers to the extent to which an organization achieves
- They are in favor of the systems approach. Explain this and state what the benefits of it, with examples. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the realm of organizational management, various approaches can be employed to understand and enhance the functioning of a business. One such approach that Ashish and Avanti favor is the systems approach. Rooted in the belief that an organization is akin to a system composed of interrelated parts, this approach emphasizes the interconnectedness of various organizational components. By viewing their e-commerce start-up through the lens of
Organisation Culture
December 2023 Examination
- Culture can be a double-edged sword, serving as an asset or a liability for an organization. Analyse the concept of “culture as a liability” with respect to its potential negative effects on organizational performance, employee behaviour, and overall organisational engagement outcomes. Provide an example of a company that has experienced culture-related liabilities and analyse the reasons behind the challenges. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Organizational culture, often described as the lifeblood of a company, is a complex tapestry of values, beliefs, and practices that shape how employees interact, make decisions, and perceive their roles. While a positive culture can drive innovation, foster collaboration, and enhance overall performance, it can also, paradoxically, become a liability. When misaligned with the organization’s goals or the external environment, culture can hinder adaptability, breed complacency, and even perpetuate harmful behaviors. Such a culture not only affects
- Identify and debunk three common myths about organizational culture. Provide a detailed explanation of each myth and support your arguments with real-life example or a case study that illustrate the negative impact of believing in these myths. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Organizational culture, often described as the lifeblood of a company, is the set of shared values, beliefs, and practices that shape the behavior of its members. It is the invisible hand that guides the actions, decisions, and interactions of employees, influencing everything from productivity to job satisfaction. However, as with many complex concepts, there are numerous myths surrounding organizational culture. These myths, if believed and acted upon, can lead to misguided strategies, misaligned priorities, and even organizational dysfunction. Understanding and debunking these myths is crucial for leaders and managers who aim to
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3.a. Analyse the role of communication in the process of changing organizational culture. How can leaders effectively communicate the need for change, foster employee engagement, and overcome resistance during times of significant transformation? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Communication stands as the cornerstone of any successful organizational change, especially when it pertains to shifting culture. As organizations evolve, the need to adapt and modify the prevailing culture becomes imperative. However, the process of change is often met with resistance, skepticism, and apprehension. Leaders, in their pivotal role, must harness the power of effective communication to navigate these challenges. This discourse will explore
3.b. Analyse the risks and benefits of cultural alignment in mergers and acquisitions, citing a real-world example. How can leaders effectively balance cultural differences to achieve successful post-merger integration and preserve the strengths of each organisation involved? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are strategic moves that companies undertake to achieve growth, diversification, or competitive advantage. While financial and operational aspects are often at the forefront of M&A discussions, the significance of cultural alignment cannot be understated. Cultural integration plays a pivotal role in determining the success or failure of such ventures. This discourse will delve into the risks and benefits of cultural alignment in
Operations and Supply Chain Strategies
December 2023 Examination
- How can the full set of logistical and cross-functional drivers be used to create strategic fit for a PC manufacturer targeting both time-sensitive and price-conscious customers? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of PC manufacturing, targeting both time-sensitive and price-conscious customers presents a unique challenge. While time-sensitive customers prioritize rapid delivery and the latest features, price-conscious customers are more focused on getting the best value for their money. To cater to both these segments effectively, a PC manufacturer must achieve a strategic fit between its competitive strategy and its supply chain strategy. This alignment is crucial for ensuring that the company can meet the diverse demands of its
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- “SCOR model links business processes, performance metrics, skills and practices into a unified structure” Comment. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction (200 words):
The Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model is a globally recognized framework that offers a comprehensive approach to evaluating and enhancing supply chain management. Developed by the Supply Chain Council, the SCOR model has been adopted by numerous organizations worldwide to standardize their supply chain processes, measure their performance, and benchmark against industry best practices. At its core, the SCOR model seeks to integrate various elements of supply chain management, including business processes, performance metrics, skills, and best practices, into a cohesive and unified
- Yomato is an Indian multinational restaurant aggregator and food delivery company. Company reported first-ever profitable quarter brought a whole lot of cheer among management. Company is also planning to expand its business to other countries as well.
- Explain various competitive dimensions in detail that company needs to rework to get sustainable profitability. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Yomato, an Indian multinational restaurant aggregator and food delivery company, has recently achieved a significant milestone by reporting its first-ever profitable quarter. This accomplishment has invigorated the management and has set the stage for the company’s ambitious plans to expand internationally. As Yomato embarks on this new chapter, it is
- You are appointed as consultant for the Yomato. Suggest some corporate level strategies that ultimately helps them. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Yomato, having established itself as a prominent player in the Indian food delivery and restaurant aggregation sector, stands at a pivotal juncture in its growth trajectory. As the company contemplates its next steps, especially in light of its recent profitability and international expansion plans, corporate-level strategies become paramount. These strategies will not only guide Yomato’s overarching vision but also ensure that its business units and