Business Economics
September 2023 Examination
- From the given table calculate the following mentioning the formulas clearly for Variable cost, Average fixed cost, Average variable cost and Average cost. (10 Marks)
Output Total cost fixed cost Variable cost Average fixed cost Average variable cost Average cost
100 1600 1000
| 200 | 2300 | 1000 |
| 300 | 3200 | 1000 |
| 400 | 4300 | 1000 |
| 500 | 5650 | 1000 |
| 1000 | 13,650 | 1000 |
Ans:
Introduction:
To calculate the requested values (Variable cost, average fixed value, average variable cost, and average cost), we first need to understand the concepts behind each term and then apply the correct formulas using the facts supplied inside the desk.
- Variable Cost:
Variable costs are expenses that vary with the level of output or production. They increase or decrease based on the quantity of goods or services produced. To calculate the variable cost, we need to find the difference between the total and fixed It is only half solved
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- State how the ordinal utility approach to consumer behavior is different from the cardinal utility approach by Marshall. In the context of indifference curve (IC) technique using ordinal utility approach, explain whether following two statements are true. – “IC slopes downwards” and “Slope of indifference curve indicates the rate at which individuals are ready to substitute one commodity by the other”. Substantiate your view on each of the statements separately (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
The ordinal utility approach is a concept in economics that focuses on the ranking or ordering of preferences rather than measuring the total utility cost. It differs from the cardinal utility approach, as proposed by Alfred Marshall, which assigns numerical values to utility and emphasizes the measurement of utility.
In the ordinal utility approach, individuals rank their preferences based on their subjective judgment of which options they prefer, more or less. This approach recognizes that individuals can determine whether they choose one option over another, but it does not quantify the intensity
- a. “Business Cycle is dynamic in nature and moves through various phases”. Elaborate the given statement with different phases of Business cycle.
Ans:
Introduction:
The business cycle is a recurring economic enlargement and contraction pattern in any economy. It is dynamic, constantly moving via different phases. Understanding these phases is crucial for businesses, policymakers, and investors as it helps them anticipate and adapt to changing economic conditions. This essay elaborates on the statement that the business cycle is dynamic
- Elaborate Price Demand, Income Demand and Join Demand and cite an example to enumerate these types of demand.
Ans:
Introduction:
In economics, demand refers to the willingness and ability of consumers to purchase goods or services at different charge levels. It is a fundamental concept crucial in understanding market behavior and making informed commercial enterprise decisions. Demand can be analyzed from various perspectives, including price, income, and joint demand.
Financial Accounting & Analysis
September 2023 Examination
Q1. Provide the journal entries for the following along with detailed narration in the books Tristar Industries Ltd. (10 Marks)
| 05 January 2023 | Commenced business by issuing equity capital worth 25 lakhs. This amount was transferred to the current account of the business. |
| 07 January 2023 | Purchased goods worth ₹150000 on credit from Ms. Greenest Co. |
| 11 January 2023 | Sold goods to Ashray Co. for ₹575000 on credit. |
| 13 January 2023 | Purchased Machinary worth ₹725000 from ICK and cheque was issued to them for the full payment. |
| 20 January 2023 | Purchased shares of ALZ Ltd. for ₹345000 for long term investment. |
| 29 January 2023 | Paid salaries ₹125000 and rent ₹35500 from the bank account of business |
Ans:
Introduction:
Tristar Industries Ltd. is a fictional company that is the subject of the journal entries discussed in this context. These journal entries aim to file the financial transactions and sports of Tristar Industries Ltd. all through the desired period. The entries exhibit the company’s initial capitalization, purchases and income of goods, acquisition of assets, investments, and charge of expenses.
Financial file-keeping through journal entries is essential to accounting, permitting businesses to hold correct and organized economic information. Those records provide insights into the company’s financial performance, profitability, and overall economic health. They also serve as
Q2. Ratio analysis is an important aspect of fundamental analysis prior to considering any company for investment. Select any company of your choice and using the balance sheet & Profit & loss of the company compute the following ratios for the years 2021-22 & 2020-21 and provide your analysis: (10 Marks)
- Current Ratio
- Debt-Equity Ratio
- Net Profit Ratio
- Operating Profit Ratio
- Earnings per share
Ans:
Introduction:
Ratio analysis is a crucial tool trader and financial analysts use to assess a company’s financial performance and make informed investment selections. It includes analyzing economic statements, including the balance sheet and earnings and loss declaration, to calculate various monetary ratios. These ratios help in the knowledge of a company’s liquidity, solvency, profitability, and efficiency. By comparing ratios over exceptional intervals or benchmarking them against industry averages, investors can gain valuable insights into a company’s financial health and capability to generate returns.
Concept & application:
Ratio analysis is a fundamental tool used by investors to evaluate the financial health and
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Q3. Cash flow statement complements the income statement and the balance sheet summarizing all cash inflows and outflow transactions in the company within the given financial year. However, there are two different methods of preparing the cash flow statement – direct and indirect.
- A) Enlist the differences between Direct and Indirect method of cash flow statement. (5 marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
The cash flow statement is an essential financial statement that complements the income assertion and stability sheet in summarizing all cash inflows and outflow transactions inside a given financial year. It presents treasured insights into a corporation’s liquidity, operating activities, investing sports, and financing activities. The cash flow declaration facilitates
- B) Lets consider the case of XYZ Ltd., a manufacturing company based in India. In the fiscal year 2022, XYZ Ltd. raised INR 50 crores by issuing new equity shares and INR 100 crores by taking on long-term debt. The company also repaid INR 80 crores in long-term debt and paid INR 30 crores in dividends to shareholders. Calculate the cash flows from financial activities for the company. (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
XYZ Ltd. is a manufacturing company based totally in India. During the financial year 2022, the corporation raised its price range through various economic activities, including issuing the latest equity stocks and taking on lengthy-time debt. Additionally, the company made payments on its lengthy-term debt and paid dividends to its shareholders. In this analysis, we can calculate the
Information Systems for Managers
September 2023 Examination
- ABS Bank has provision of accommodating only 100 bank accounts of Customers. The entire bank operations are being managed by the bank using the cloud services provided by the vendor.
The number of account holders who wish to open their account in ABS bank suddenly increased to 150. As the bank can only accommodate 100 bank accounts, therefore, the problem of managing extra 50 account lies.
Suggest how the sudden increase of 50 bank accounts will be managed by the ABS bank. Which cloud deployment models were used by the ABS bank prior to increase in bank accounts and after the bank accounts were suddenly increased.
Discuss the features of each cloud deployment models in detail and also how ABS bank will manage these deployment models. (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
The ABS bank is facing a challenge as the variety of account holders who wish to open their accounts has suddenly increased to 150, exceeding the bank’s capacity to accommodate only 100 bank accounts. In order to conquer this problem, the bank needs to explore different strategies and leverage cloud deployment models to effectively manage the sudden increase in reports. Cloud services have become crucial to modern business operations, imparting flexibility, scalability, and cost performance. In this situation, ABS Bank has been using cloud services provided by a vendor to manage its entire banking operations.
Concept & application
Cloud computing offers various deployment models organizations can use to meet their specific
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- Edutech is a leading educational institution providing various degree programs to the learners at graduation and post graduation levels.
The course coordinator manages the daily enquiries for programs in which students are interested to take admission in. If some fee concession is required by group of students then the manager of the admission department has privilege to provide that. Also, on the basis of the enquiries received for new programs, the top management takes decisions on launching of new programs.
Considering the above scenario, specify the Transaction processing system, Management Information System and Executive support systems for Edutech institution. Also, specify the features of each of these information systems. (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
Edutech is a leading educational institution that offers a wide range of degree programs to students at the graduation and post-graduation levels. The organization strives to provide quality education and ensure a clean and efficient operation of its various strategies. To gain this, Edutech relies on one-of-a-kind types of records systems to assist its daily operations, decision-making processes, and strategic planning. Three critical information systems used by Edutech are Transaction Processing systems (TPS), management information systems (MIS), and executive support structures (ESS). Each of these systems serves specific purposes and gives unique
- In a State University, the processes of various departments like admission, enrollment, academics, examination etc needs to be integrated together to establish relevant coordination between the various departments of the university. Considering the above scenario, answer the following:
- Specify the system which the university will use so that the processes of all the departments can be streamlined. Also, mention its benefits and features. (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
To streamline the processes of various departments in a state university, the university can implement an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. An ERP system is a software solution that integrates different departments and functions of an organization into a single, unified machine. It provides a centralized database and a common platform for various departments to
- Discuss the challenges in implementing that system. (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
Integrating processes across various departments in a state university is crucial for establishing coordination and enhancing efficiency. The integration aims to streamline admission, enrollment, academics, and examinations, creating a cohesive and interconnected system that supports the university’s normal functioning. But implementing such a system has its challenges. This essay
Management Theory and Practice
September 2023 Examination
Q1. The new management at Arksons Ltd is finding it difficult to direct employees. They feel they are not able to direct them to do the work as desired. They recently heard about the Etzioni Theory and have hired you as a consultant to guide them on the same?
Ans;
Introduction
Arksons Ltd, under its new control, currently needs help effectively directing its employees. The management team needs help to ensure personnel perform their work according to the desired standards and meet organizational goals. In search of an answer, the management has come across the Etzioni theory, which offers valuable insights and guidance on directing employees and fostering a productive work environment. As a consultant, I will provide an in-depth understanding of the Etzioni theory, its concepts, and its application within the context of Arksons Ltd.
The Etzioni theory, also called the organizational concept, was developed by sociologist Amitai
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Q2. The management at Ape jay Ltd feel that performance levels of their employees have gone down. The management did try to use some motivation techniques but the same have failed miserably. Can you guide them about techniques to motivate individuals and groups as motivational trainer? (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
Motivation plays an essential function in riding the performance and productivity of personnel in any company. When encouraged, personnel are more likely to be engaged, enthusiastic, and committed to their work. However, there are times when motivation techniques fail to yield the desired results, as in the case of Apeejay Ltd. Exploring alternative strategies and processes to inspire and inspire individuals and agencies becomes crucial. As a motivational teacher, I can guide effective techniques that the management can implement at Apeejay Ltd to improve employee motivation levels and beautify overall performance.
Q3. Chauffer & Co. a very successful company dealing in car rentals feels that business is going down badly. The major reason identified is miscommunication amongst all the stakeholders which is leading to the losing out on business.
- Can you as a consultant guide them about the barriers to communication? (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
The Importance of Effective Communication
In today’s rapid-paced enterprise environment, effective communication is crucial for the success of any employer. It’s pivotal in facilitating easy operations, fostering collaboration, and building stable stakeholder relationships. Chauffeur & Co., a prominent car rental organization, has recognized that communication could increase their enterprise. This paper aims to guide
- Also, can you help them overcome these barriers? (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
In today’s highly competitive business landscape, effective communication plays a vital role in the success and growth of any organization. However, communication can help progress and lead to significant losses. Chauffeur & Co., a renowned car rental company, has identified miscommunication as a substantial factor contributing to its declining business. To reverse this
Marketing Management
September 2023 Examination
Q.1 Prepare an appropriate Segmentation & Targeting strategies related to the product of High-End Gaming Laptop. Justify your answer with appropriate justifications. (10 marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
The gaming industry has experienced significant growth in recent years, and the demand for high-performance gaming laptops has surged. High-end gaming laptops offer potent processors, high-resolution displays, dedicated graphics cards, and superior cooling systems, making them ideal for gamers who prioritize performance and immersive game play. In this segment, we will discuss appropriate segmentation, targeting strategies for high-end gaming laptops, and justifications for each design.
Concept & application:
Segmentation Strategy:
Segmentation divides a market into distinct groups of consumers with similar characteristics and needs. By understanding potential customers’ diverse needs and preferences, companies can
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Q.2 One Plus after being successful in the mobile market is now planning to sell refrigerators in the market and is ready to make a sizeable investment to compete with the market leaders. The company has planned to name it as Cool Plus. It has limited idea around the product and wants to understand the same through levels of product. As a product in charge, explain all the levels of product for the product refrigerator Cool Plus. (10 marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
The expansion of One Plus, a renowned player in the mobile market, into the refrigerator market marks a significant pass for the company. With its proven success in the mobile industry, One Plus aims to leverage its brand reputation and customer loyalty to compete with the established leaders in the refrigerator market. To ensure a comprehensive understanding of the product, let us discover the levels of the product for the One Plus refrigerator, known as Cool Plus.
- Core Product Level:
The OnePlus Cool Plus refrigerator addresses fundamental food preservation and storage needs at the center product level. It provides an essential function of keeping perishable items fresh and
Q.3 Read the case & answers the questions based on the case:
The Aditya Birla Group has announced a foray into the premium casual dining space in collaboration with chef restaurateur Rahul Akerkar. The group’s hospitality arm housed under Aditya Birla New Age (ABNA) will build premium casual dining restaurant chains across India. The vision is to build the best F&B brands with a clear focus on both quality & value for customers. The company is aiming to launch the first restaurant in Mumbai. Based on the above information answer the following:
- a) As a consultant to Aditya Birla New Age (ABNA), suggest suitable steps involved in new product launch. (5marks)
Ans:
Introduction
As a consultant to Aditya Birla New Age (ABNA), I would suggest the following steps involved in launching a new product, specifically a premium casual dining restaurant chain in Mumbai:
Concept & Application
- Market Research and Analysis:
Before launching a new product, it is vital to conduct thorough market research and evaluation. This involves understanding the target market, identifying customer preferences, analyzing the
- b) Recommend appropriate advertising strategy for launch focusing on appropriate message decisions & specific media vehicles (combination of media vehicles is expected including social media). (5marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
To recommend an appropriate advertising strategy for the launch of the premium casual dining restaurant by Aditya Birla Group, it is essential to consider the target audience, the brand positioning, and the desired message. Here is a suggested advertising strategy that focuses on message decisions and includes specific media vehicles, including social media:
Organizational Behavior
September 2023 Examination
Q1. Arjan is an employee who is never on time to work or meetings. He has been issued several warning memos but in vain. The management is not able to take stringent action against him as he is very good at his work and is one of the top performers. As his reporting authority you still feel that he should respect time and be disciplined. From the different elements of reinforcement which one should his manager choose to get the desired behavior? Conclude by giving why it (the one which you chose) is the best suited. (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
Employee behavior is crucial to organizational success, and punctuality is essential to a productive work environment. But dealing with an employee like Arjan, who consistently needs to adhere to time management and attendance expectations, can be challenging for management. Despite his performance being exceptional, the manager still believes that it is essential for Arjan to respect the time and be disciplined. To address this issue, the manager can utilize the concept of reinforcement to encourage the desired behavior.
Concept & application:
Reinforcement is a behavioral management technique involving positive or negative
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Q2. Choose one Asian and one European country. Compare and contrast in their cultures with regards to Geert Hofstadter’s Culture model (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
Geert Hofstadter’s culture model is a widely recognized framework for comparing and contrasting cultures based on six dimensions: Power Distance, Individualism vs. Collectivism, Masculinity vs. Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, long-term Orientation vs. short-term Orientation, and Indulgence vs. Restraint. In this evaluation; we will evaluate and compare the cultures of Japan (an Asian country) and Germany (a European country) using the Hofstede model.
Japan is known for its rich cultural heritage and traditions, while Germany is renowned for its engineering prowess and efficiency. By examining the cultural dimensions, we can gain insights
Q3. Krabi Textile is going online from retail mode as the management feels that it is the need of the hour to be present in the digital space. People are resisting this change and you are the one chosen as the leader by the management to lead in this tough time.
- What all people skills would be required by a leader to be effective in such times? (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
Transitioning from retail mode to an online presence can be a significant change for any organization, and it requires effective leadership to navigate this challenging time. As the chosen leader at Krabi Textile, you will need a specific set of people skills to lead the organization through this transition effectively. People skills refer to the ability to understand, communicate,
- How would you differentiate between being a manager and leader? (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
In today’s dynamic business environment, a manager and a leader are often intertwined but inherently different. While both are crucial for the success of an organization, their approaches, skills, and duties vary. In the case of Krabi Textile transitioning from retail to online mode, it is essential to understand the distinction between being a manager and a leader to navigate this