Business Economics
April 2023 Examination
Q1. “The technique of indifference curves has been used not only to explain consumer’s behaviour and demand but also to analyse and explain several other economic problems “In view to the above statement elaborate about indifference curve and its properties. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
An indifference curve can be defined as a visual representation of different combinations or consumption bundles of two commodities or goods, giving equivalent complete satisfaction levels for the customer. Simply put, a customer is considered detached between any two mixes, indicated by a specific factor on the curve, given these bundles give the same energy.
In business economics, the indifference curve examines demand patterns for good combinations. The concept applies to far better economics and microeconomics, such as customer and manufacturer equilibrium, exchange dimension, It is only half solved
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Q2. Find below hypothetical data for total production costs of a manufacturing firm at various levels of output. Complete the following: (10 Marks)
| Output | Total cost | Fixed cost | Variable cost | Average
fixed cost |
Average
variable cost |
Average
cost |
| 0 | 1000 | 1000 | ||||
| 20 | 1200 | 1000 | ||||
| 40 | 1300 | 1000 | ||||
| 60 | 1380 | 1000 | ||||
| 100 | 1600 | 1000 |
Ans 2.
Introduction
The total cost can be defined as the actual cost sustained in the production procedure of a provided outcome degree. But, the total expenses sustained by a company, both specific and implicit, on all the sources to acquire a certain result level is called total cost. The total cost is the amount of all the variable and fixed costs. Hence, total cost includes the resources needed to produce a specific output level.
Experts frequently utilize two-factor inputs in the total cost, capital, and labor. The capital
Q3a. Large scale production is considered to be economical in the sense of per unit cost. Explain the statement by describing different types of economies of scale. Give examples to substantiate your answer (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Large-scale manufacturing refers to making a product on a bigger scale with a large organization. It requires substantial funds that can be accumulated by numerous considerable financial investments directed toward purchasing hefty plants and machinery. Large-scale manufacturing can just be carried out if the
Q3b. Elaborate Cross Demand, Composite Demand and Derived Demand and cite an example to enumerate these types of demand. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The cross elasticity of demand can be specified as an economic concept that gauges and establishes the responsiveness in quantity demanded of one item when the rate of additional product adjustments. Also called cross-price elasticity demand, this dimension is constantly determined by taking the percent variation
Financial Accounting & Analysis
April 2023 Examination
Q1. Prepare the journal by recording the following transactions (10 Marks)
TABLE BELOW
| 3-Dec | Mrs. Vinita started business by transferring amount from her saving
account to the business bank account Rs500000 |
| 5-Dec | She Purchased godown to stock goods worth Rs 100000 |
| 7-Dec | She purchased goods for sale, costing her Rs 300000 |
| 8-Dec | She sold off the entire goods at Rs 500000,credit sales |
| 10-Dec | She paid salary to employees Rs 20000 through bank account |
Ans 1.
Introduction
A journal can be defined as a detailed account that videotapes all the transactions of a business in a financial year. These transactions can be utilized to make other financial devices by transferring them to them, such as a general journal. A journal also videotapes all the information related to advertising, consisting of days, amounts, and accounts affected, utilized in a double-entry accounting method.
For accounting objectives, journal accounts can also be described as an electronic document or a physical record kept as a spreadsheet, publication, or information within the accounting
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- Company DreamHigh Pvt. limited wants to distribute dividend to its shareholders.
There are two types of dividend, which a shareholder can receive in any accounting year. Discuss the term dividend, its types, accounting treatment of dividend in the books of accounts and a brief towards how cash flow on account of dividend is reflected in the cash flow of a company (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
A dividend is a share of kept earnings and revenues that a business pays its proprietors and shareholders. When a company generates profits and revenues, those earnings can be reinvested in the industry or paid out to its owners and shareholders through dividends. The yearly Dividend per share, separated by the supply rate, can be defined as the dividend return.
Dividend profits are the best for investors as they obtain a dividend yearly, and their invested amount is increased through
Q3a. Following are the particulars available for Z and X, LLP
| retained earnings | 668 |
| accounts receivable | 240 |
| supplies | 500 |
| salaries payable | 167 |
| equipment | 1000 |
| unearned revenue | 475 |
| accounts payable | 200 |
| cash | 1170 |
| prepaid insurance | 100 |
| common stock | 1500 |
- Calculate the amount of – (5 Marks)
- Total assets
- Total liabilities excluding stockholder equity
- Total stockholders’ equity
Ans 3a.
Introduction
An asset can be defined as a resource with some economic value that a corporation, individual, or country has or regulates with the expectation that it will supply an advantage in the future. Assets are tape-recorded on the firm’s annual report. They are identified as financial, current, and intangible. They are developed or acquired to increase a firm’s value or
Q3b. Discuss the advantages of preparing the Balance Sheet. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
A balance sheet can be defined as a financial statement that depicts the company’s financial setting. It records the liabilities and assets of a firm at the end of the fiscal year after the preparation of trading and earnings and loss
Information Systems for Managers
April 2023 Examination
Q1. Since its founding in 1994, Amazon has collected reams of information on what millions of people buy, where those purchases are delivered and which credit cards they use. What are Three (3) different types of Analytics that Amazon uses this data for and how does it help them? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Amazon Inc is a multinational American tech firm that mainly deals with its service on e-commerce, online marketing, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and electronic computing. It has been considered “among the most social and prominent forces in the globe”. It is likewise considered among the globe’s most valuable companies. Its assessments touch the skies, and stakeholders have been delighting in significant riches. It is also included in America’s top five giant modern technology firms, heading neck to neck with Apple, Microsoft, Meta, It is only half solved
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Q2. ArcelorMittal is the second largest steel producer in the world, with an annual crude steel production of 78.5 million metric tonnes as of 2018. Laksmi Mittal is the Chairman and CEO of ArcelorMittal. In this role, what is the Focus of the CEO’s role (i.e. Objectives, Kinds of Decisions, information needed, Timeframes etc.)? What are the Primary IS & Supporting IS Used (Description Data Types, Kind of Data, Type of Processing, which provides data to these IS)? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Arcelor Mittal is a multinational steel production organization. Its head offices lie in Luxembourg city. It was incorporated in 2006 from the merger and requisition of Arcelor by the Indian national company Mittal steel. Arcelor Mittal is the world’s second-largest steel maker, with a yearly steel manufacturing of 78.5 million tons as of 2018. It is rated 197th in the 2018 fortune worldwide 500, a ranking of the world’s biggest companies. It, straight and indirectly, utilizes over 200000 people and is valued at $25 billion. The overall possessions of
Q3. Vijay Ananth has just been hired as the CIO at Wilshire Finance. During the interview, the CEO had tasked Vijay with the responsibility of revamping the firm’s IT Infrastructure. Now that Vijay has come onboard, he is keen to get started on the Infra Revamp initiative and has targeted BYOD as his first initiative.
- What is BYOD? Explain the three (3) levels of BYOD? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
BYOD, which means bring your very own device, is the set of plans in a business that aids the employees to utilize their very own personal devices, that is, laptop computers, phones, tablets, etc., to work professionally using the firm’s data and applications as opposed to making the worker’s service business’s
Q3b. What are (2 each) Pros & Cons of BYOD? Your Recommendation? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
We all know that BYOD is a new principle in India and the whole globe. The benefits and drawbacks need to be examined by the firm’s top authorities, who will carry out the principle in the organization to ensure clarity and assistance
Management Theory and Practice
April 2023 Examination
Q1. You are hired as a consultant by Thakur Publications, a newly setup organization dealing in publishing books. The CEO wants you to guide the newly recruited management trainees about the Principles of Management. Explain the factors affecting management thought (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Management can be referred to as the procedure of handling and administering the activities of the business. It is keeping and producing a business setting where the company’s staff members can interact harmoniously to achieve organizational goals. All the activities, regardless of their type, nature, size, and framework.
Management functions as a roadmap or an overview to all the company’s staff members and offers instructions for their initiatives toward the business’s welfare.
Principles of Management are additionally considered an art and scientific research. It is only half solved
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Q2. The newly set up management team is divided in their deliberation on a certain topic and require your help. The core area of this discussion is whether Management can be a profession or not. As the head of the forum, can you throw some light on whether Management can be a profession (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Effective Management is the backbone of a successful organization. Management is crucial for a coordinated and organized life and is necessary to run all kinds of organizations. Management is additionally crucial in making educated choices and working in the direction of attaining business goals. It helps the company get things done by the right people by handing over the work among them according to their skills and top quality. If a business has effective Management, it will likely be rewarding and thrive
Q3. Mercure, a famous hotel chain in India is losing its market share to its peers. The major reasons contributing to the same is that there is a lot of conflict in the organization due to which correct and timely decisions are not being taken. The company has hired you as a consultant to understand and solve this issue
- Explain the different types of Conflicts that can arise in an organization? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Organizational conflict, likewise referred to as workplace conflict, can be defined as the state of misconception or disagreement happening because of dissent of needs, sources, beliefs, and relationships between the firm’s employees. Conflict can occur in the workplace when individuals interact when their opinion
Q3b. Explain what strategies can be used by Mercure to resolve these conflicts? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
As discussed above, any organization should resolve conflicts as early as feasible to stop damages. For this, the business must take specific steps and carry out various methods. Allow’s research them-
- a) Identify the root cause- Leading business officials must comprehend the troubles’ origin
Marketing Management
April 2023 Examination
Q1. Mr. James is planning to buy a new house in a good locality. He has lived all his life on rent and this is the first time he will be buying a house. He has two kids Alan and Sia, his wife is a homemaker. Mr. James has a lot of friends in the current society but it doesn’t have a garden, safety devices, or security. James has made professional progress so the budget is not a constraint. According to you, what are the various factors that will influence James in buying a house? (You can make certain assumptions) (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Living on rent all your life and having gained all the resources that can purchase us our home is a true blessing. Everyone intends to have their land and build the house of their dreams, which they can call their own. As stated in the inquiry, Mr. James is a married man who has lived his entire life on rent. Currently, he has made professional advancement and can purchase his building. It is also pointed out in the inquiry that his existing society, where he is surviving on rent, does not have a yard, safety, and security tools or safety and security, so he
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Q2. Explain the buyer decision process that you think James will have to follow to purchase his dream house. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The customer decision journey or a buying decision process is the step that will lead Mr. James to acquire the best home for himself. The buying decision procedure exists in nearly all sectors, from e-Commerce to retail. This journey adheres to 3 stages: previous, during, and post-purchase. Since the question is about the acquiring procedure before purchasing a home, we will review just that component.
- Many aspects can influence the buying decision process of Mr. James. Several of
Q3a. Mr. James’s daughter Sia has been pressurizing his father to buy Alexa from Amazon. Alexa is capable of voice interaction, music playback, making to-do lists, setting alarms, streaming podcasts, playing audiobooks, and providing weather, traffic, sports, and other real-time information, such as news. Alexa can also control several smart devices using itself as a home automation system. Explain the adoption process that Mr. James will go through who has no idea about Alexa. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Alexa is a voice assistant developed by Amazon.com that can do anything. It can help us check our schedule and the weather condition, launch our preferred playlists and get the most up-to-date information on our regional sporting activities group. Alexa can do anything. It is readily available on smart thermostats, Echo audio speakers, lights, sound bars, and lights and
Q3b. Take any product category of your choice and explain various product positioning strategies used by all the competitors in the selected category. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Product positioning can be specified as identifying new products psychologically positioned by consumers. It entails the competitor and market placements, defining the position of a new great amongst the existing ones, and constructing a communication bridge between the
Organizational Behavior
April 2023 Examination
Q1. Sana and Reema joined a quick serve restaurant chain at the head office in the marketing department. Both of them were very happy with the compensation and designation offered to them. Since Sana and Reema joined in the same month so they bonded well together, during one of the conversation Sana got to know that Reema was getting paid 25% more than her. This revelation had caused a conflict between them as it had really saddened Sana, which was observable by her hostile behaviour towards Reema. Sana never missed a chance to make Reema feel miserable. Sana Started comparing the fact that both of them had the same qualification and work experience and still she (Sana) was getting paid less than her peer. The situation had worsened so much that they both stopped communicating with each other. You are the HR manager who has observed all this and now you have to come up with techniques with the help of which this conflict can be resolved. Discuss any
4 (four) techniques of conflict resolution and management. Also, conclude the answer by discussing how organisations can avoid/minimise such conflicts. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Sana and Reema joined a quick-serve restaurant chain. Both ended up being friends and adhered well. They interacted as they worked in the advertising and marketing department of the same business. One day Sana found out that Reema was earning money 25 percent greater than her. Sana was hurt as they both were just as certified with the same experience, yet still, she was getting underpaid than Reema. It created chaos, the circumstance worsened, and they stopped speaking to each other.
As an HR manager, I have to solve this conflict using various conflict resolution techniques
It is only half solved
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Q2. Karan and Sanjay work as Project Lead for two different teams. It has been noticed that Karan is very helpful and empathetic towards his team and supports them in every possible manner. The team in turn is very close knit and can really works hard to accomplish the objectives. They also give Karan full support whenever required by going out of their way. Whereas Sanjay just wants to get the work done by being a tight fisted man. He reprimands his team members in front of outsiders. He only instructs his team and is never in execution front. Sanjay’s team is really petrified of him and always is under fear. Team’s motivation is very low and everyone is searching for opportunity to move out of Sanjay’s team. Compare the leadership style of Karan and Sanjay. Conclude by discussing that in a workplace which style of leadership is better suited. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
According to the oxford dictionary, leading a group of people or an organization is called leadership. An ideal leader continuously motivates his team to accomplish something new and better. Remarkably, leaders do what they have an interest in and think it will impact their group. They gauge success by looking at the team’s understanding and achievements. In short, leadership is all about getting out of the way, taking risks, and testing the constant methods of doing things that require transformation due to the frequently
Q3. Rajat and Suresh have got their yearly targets and both of them are working hard to surpass each other as by the year end the one who achieves the maximum is going to be awarded in the sales conference with a cash prize of Rs. 50000 which would be given by the CEO of the company. They both are doing their best to win this contest for Rajat, the prime factor is money as he has recently got married and his expenses have increased. Whereas, Suresh comes from a very affluent family and for him getting recognized in front of PAN India team and by the CEO is the driving force. Here, we can see that both Rajat and Suresh had different motives.
- Based on the above scenario discuss the different types of motives which regulate the behaviour of individuals. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Different people have different objectives that drive them to do something and achieve it. For example, a 16-year-old kid intends to get a bike, and his father has asked him to get more than 90 percent in his final examinations. Just after that, will he get to a bike? And currently, he is studying hard to get the bike, and his objective to study is to obtain the award. On the
Qb. With the help of Maslow need hierarchy theory discuss why Rajat, Suresh and even every individual has different motive? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory is considered one of the most enjoyed and preferred inspirational theories. It is a theory of psychology that defines that human beings are highly inspired to satisfy their demands based upon ordered