Research Methodology
April 2024 Examination
1. Shoppers stop is conducting an observational research study to analyze the behavior of shoppers in a retail store. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using a concealed versus unconcealed observation technique. Which technique should be used by Shoppers stop with relevant justification? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Observational research, a fundamental method within the realm of qualitative research, plays a crucial role in understanding consumer behavior in real-time settings. Shoppers Stop, a prominent retail entity, aims to utilize this approach to delve into the intricate patterns and behaviors of shoppers within their store environment. The decision to employ either concealed or unconcealed observation techniques pivots on various strategic considerations. Concealed observation, where the observer remains hidden from the subjects, offers the advantage of unfiltered, authentic behavior, as shoppers are unaware of being watched. Conversely, unconcealed observation, where participants are aware of the observer’s
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2. What is a mediating variable? How a mediating variable is different from moderating variable? Develop a conceptual model by analyzing literature to show the relationship of mediating and moderating variable. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Research methodology is a crucial aspect of academic and scientific studies, as it outlines the systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of study. It comprises the theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a branch of knowledge. Within this framework, understanding the roles of mediating and moderating variables is essential for comprehensive research design and analysis. Mediating variables serve as intermediaries in the cause-and-effect relationship between independent and dependent variables, essentially explaining the process or mechanism through which the independent variable influences the dependent variable. On the other hand, moderating variables alter the strength or direction of the relationship between the independent and
3. Sebamed, a German-based specialist skincare company, has emerged as a formidable disruptor in the highly competitive skincare industry, significantly impacting Unilever’s longstanding dominance. Sebamed’s unwavering dedication to catering specifically to sensitive skin needs has resonated with a growing segment of health- conscious consumers seeking more gentle and hypoallergenic skincare solutions. By focusing on skin-friendly pH levels and leveraging dermatological research, Sebamed has established itself as a trusted brand among those seeking targeted skincare solutions. Their fierce advertising caused a lot of damage to Unilever. Sebamed’s success has posed a direct threat to Unilever’s skincare business, especially in markets where consumers increasingly prioritize natural and skin-friendly products. Acknowledging the disruption caused by Sebamed, Unilever recognized the importance of addressing consumer demand for more natural and sensitive skincare products.
a. Develop a questionnaire to survey the consumer’s preferences and expectations from skin care product. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the evolving landscape of the skincare industry, understanding consumer preferences and expectations is crucial for companies to stay competitive and relevant. The rise of Sebamed as a disruptor, challenging Unilever’s dominance, underscores this need. Consumers are increasingly drawn to products that cater to sensitive skin and prioritize natural ingredients. To gain insights into these shifting preferences, a well-structured questionnaire is essential.
b. Conduct a primary data collection from 10-15 respondents and present the findings. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Conducting primary data collection is a crucial step in understanding consumer behavior and preferences, especially in dynamic markets like skincare. For this study, a survey based on the previously developed questionnaire was distributed to a small sample of 10-15 respondents. This process aimed to gather firsthand information about consumer preferences,
Digital Payments
April 2024 Examination
1) Analyze whether cryptocurrencies can be used as medium of exchange for Businesses? Support your answer with examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Cryptocurrencies have transformed digital payments dramatically, fundamentally altering how transactions take place today. Cryptocurrencies, or decentralized digital assets based on blockchain technology, offer a unique combination of security, transparency, and efficiency that has sparked global debate about their viability as a medium of exchange for businesses. While traditional currencies are governed by national regulations and financial institutions, cryptocurrencies operate independently to challenge conventional financial systems. Cryptocurrencies’ widespread acceptance and rising market capitalization imply a potential
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2) Explain the concept of Near Field Communication (NFC) technology and its applications in modern electronic devices and services. Provide one real-world scenario where NFC is utilized to enhance user experiences and streamline interactions. Discuss one potential security concern related to NFC and suggest a measure to mitigate this risk. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Near Field Communication (NFC) represents an exciting milestone in digital communications and transactions technologies, creating an innovative change to how we engage with electronic devices and services. NFC (Near Field Communication) is an innovative wireless technology used for short-range communication that typically only needs 4 cm or less to establish a connection. This revolutionary technology has become seamlessly integrated into modern devices, such as smartphones, tablets and smartwatches, changing the landscape of digital transactions and data exchange. NFC technology stands out for its ease and speed, facilitating quick, secure interactions in a range of everyday scenarios – from contactless
r digital ecosystem; constantly adapting to meet modern society’s dynamic requirements.
3) You are a financial advisor working with a nonprofit organization that focuses on providing humanitarian aid in remote areas. The organization is looking to adopt digital payment solutions to streamline donation collections and aid distribution.
a) Develop a detailed proposal outlining the benefits of digital payment adoption for the organization’s mission, including increased transparency, efficiency, and donor engagement. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Digital payment solutions present nonprofit organizations — especially those involved with humanitarian aid efforts in remote regions — with an immense opportunity for expansion. This trend reflects both global financial transactions as well as donors’ preferences and operational needs related to aid distribution. In this proposal, we will outline the numerous advantages digital payment solutions can bring, such as increased transparency, improved
b) Describe the types of digital payment methods suitable for the organization’s needs, the required infrastructure, and any potential challenges or risks. Provide real-world examples of other nonprofits that have successfully leveraged digital payments for similar purposes and explain how these examples could serve as inspiration for the proposed solution. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
With financial technology advancing at such a rapid rate, selecting suitable digital payment methods is increasingly essential for nonprofit organizations operating in remote regions. Decision-makers need to find solutions that align with their organization’s unique requirements – for instance, nature of operations, donor preferences and socioeconomic context of aid recipients. This section seeks to identify appropriate digital payment methods